Epidemic characteristics and trends of HIV/AIDS in Guangzhou City,2008-2021
Objective To analyze the epidemic features and trends of HIV/AIDS in Guangzhou City during 2008-2021,and to provide a scientific basis for formulating precise and high-efficient prevention and control measures.Methods The information about newly reported HIV/AIDS cases and population in Guangzhou from 2008 to 2021 was obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,and the incidence rates of HIV/AIDS in total population,different genders,age groups and urban and rural areas were calculated.Joinpoint regression analysis was used to establish a regression model to analyze the trend in the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Guangzhou City.Results A total of 16,280 HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Guangzhou City from 2008 to 2021,with the annual average incidence rate of 8.66/100,000.The ratio of male to female cases was 6.27∶1,and the incidence rate was higher in males than in females(x2=7,388.534,P＜0.00l).Joinpoint regression analysis revealed that the incidence rates increased annually from 2008 to 2015(APC=20.87％,95％CI;17.18％-24.67％),but showed no significant changing trend from 2015 to 2018(APC=0.26％,95％CI:-13.58％-16.32％)and a downward trend from 2018 to 2021(APC=-8.58％,95％CI:-14.94％--1.75％).The middle-aged and young(20-59 years old)were the highest incidence group for HIV/AIDS,with a total of 14,530 cases cumulatively reported,accounting for 89.25％of all cases.After a long-term increase,the incidence rates of HIV/AIDS in all age groups showed a downward trend from 2015,2016 and 2017 respectively.The ratio of reported cases in the urban and rural areas was 14.07∶1,and the incidence rate was higher in the urban areas than in the rural areas(x2=842.866,P＜0.001).The incidence rate in the rural areas continued to rise(APC=16.90％,95％CI:13.67％-20.22％),and had a tendency to surpass the incidence rate in the urban areas.Conclusion The incidence rates of HIV/AIDS in Guangzhou City during 2008-2021 showed downward trends,but were still higher than the national average level.The prevention and control situation is still grim,and hence it is necessary to pay high attention to high-risk groups and the rural areas,raise the residents'awareness of voluntary testing,and ensure timely self-testing to know the infection situation as soon as possible so as to play a role in promoting further control the epidemic of HIV/AIDS in Guangzhou City.
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