Epidemic characteristics of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hubei Province,2010-2022
Objective To analyze the epidemic features of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2022,and to provide a basis for developing HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment strategies.Methods We collected the information about newly reported cases with current address in Hubei from January 1,2010 to December 31,2022.WPS2019 software was used to organize the data,and SPSS25.0 software was employed to statistically analyze the prevalence of the cases as well as the distribution of time,region and population.Results A total of 33,385 newly reported HIV/AIDS cases were reported in Hubei from 2010 to 2022,and the newly reported rate of cases showed an increasing trend year by year(x2=4.637,P＜0.05).The top five cities with the largest number of cases were Wuhan City,Jingzhou City,Huanggang City,Huangshi City and Xiaogan City.The newly reported cases were mainly transmitted by sexual intercourse,with 59.32％of heterosexual transmission and 39.11％of homosexual transmission.74.16％of males in heterosexual transmission had a history of non-marital heterosexual contact.Non-sexual transmission accounted for 1.57％.There were statistically significant differences in the proportions of newly reported sexually-and non-sexually-transmitted HIV/AIDS cases in Hubei Province in different years(x2=1,450.417,P＜0.001).The male-to-female ratio of the newly reported cases was about 4.2∶1,with male cases increasing from 73.01％in 2010 to 81.16％in 2022,and female cases decreasing from 26.99％in 2010 to 18.84％in 2022,with statistically significant differences in the ratio of male and female gender composition in different years(x2=141.408,P＜0.001).Among the newly reported cases,the number of cases aged 15-24 and ≥ 50 years increased significantly.37.90％of the newly reported cases were married with a spouse,and heterosexual contact was the major route for their transmission,accounting for 79.07％.Homosexual contact was the main route for transmission in unmarried cases,accounting for 70.95％.The differences in the proportions of different marital statuses in different years were statistically significant(x2=334.093,P＜0.001).Most of the newly reported cases had junior middle school education or below,and there were statistically significant differences in the proportions of different literacy levels among different years(x2=219.259,P＜0.001).The newly reported cases mainly came from medical institution examination,accounting for 56.62％,followed by self-consultation and testing services,accounting for 19.32％.The differences in the proportions of different sample sources in different years were statistically significant(x2=559.309,P＜0.001).Conclusion The increase in the newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2022 was obvious,with heterosexual contact as the main transmission route.The numbers of young cases aged 15-24 years and elderly cases aged ≥50 years increased obviously.It is necessary to carry out targeted publicity and education,expand the coverage of monitoring and testing,and strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control efforts.
acquired immune deficiency syndromeepidemic characteristicepidemic analysisHubei Province
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