Changing trend in the incidence rate of neonatal congenital heart disease and its influencing factors in Liuzhou City,2020-2022
Objective To analyze the incidence of congenital heart disease(CHD)and its trend changes in Liuzhou City from 2020 to 2022,to understand the factors influencing CHD,and to provide a scientific basis for reducing the incidence rate of CHD.Methods A total of 109,159 newborns born in Liuzhou City were screened for CHD by census from January 1,2020 to December 31,2022.General demographic data and influencing factors related to CHD were collected.Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing the incidence of neonatal CHD.Results The incidence rate of neonatal CHD in Liuzhou City during 2020-2022 showed an upward trend(x2trend=147.920,P＜0.001).The incidence rate of neonatal CHD in 2022 was 1.50％,with an increase of 0.91％compared with that in 2020.There were 1,138 neonates with CHD,and the incidence rate of CHD was 1.04％.The risk of CHD incidence was higher in the maternal group aged 35-55 years(OR35-39years old=1.428,95％CI:1.208-1.687;OR40-55years old=1.650,95％CI:1.277-2.132)than in the maternal group aged 25-29 years,but lower in the Miao(OR=0.472,95％CI:0.348-0.641)and Dong(OR=0.595,95％CI:0.439-0.807)ethnic groups than in the Han.No obvious risk for CHD incidence was observed in the Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups.Maternal household registration in rural areas(OR=0.692,95％CI:0.606-0.790)and permanent residence in rural areas(OR=0.377,95％CI:0.324-0.439)were protective factors for CHD incidence.The risk factors for CHD incidence were primiparous delivery(OR=1.274,95％CI:1.124-1.444),multiple births(OR=1.282,95％CI:1.229-1.347),preterm birth(OR28-31 weeks=21.589,95％CI:17.124-27.219;OR32-33 weeks=13.131,95％CI:10.404-16.573;OR34-36 weeks=3.971,95％CI:3.380-4.665),low birth weight(OR=7.222,95％CI:6.346-8.219)and macrosomia(OR=1.651,95％CI:1.227-2.221).Conclusion The incidence rate of neonatal CHD among newborns in Liuzhou City during 2020-2022 showed an increasing trend,and there were differences in the incidence rates of CHD among newborns with different maternal and neonatal characteristics.Comprehensive measures against the relevant risk factors should be taken to reduce and prevent the incidence of CHD.
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