Prevalence of myopia and its influencing factors among primary school students in Jiading District of Shanghai Municipality
Objective To analyze the prevalence of myopia and its influencing factors among pupils in Jiading District,Shanghai Municipality,and to provide a scientific basis for precision prevention of myopia.Methods A cross-sectional survey and random sampling method were employed to select 1,889 students from grades 1 to 5 in Jiading District,Shanghai Municipality in April-May 2023.Vision tests and questionnaire surveys were conducted.The prevalence of myopia and its influencing factors among the pupils were analyzed using x2 test and a multifactorial logistic regression model.Results The prevalence rate of myopia among the pupils in Jiading District of Shanghai Municipality was 35.57％.The analysis based on a multifactorial logistic regression model revealed that risk factors for myopia were female students(OR=1.339,95％CI:1.070-1.677),higher grades(grade 2:OR=2.241,95％CI:1.493-3.366;grade 3:OR=3.958,95％CI:2.677-5.851;grade 4:OR=9.680,95％CI:6.535-14.337;grade 5:OR=13.716,95％CI:9.161-20.536),having one parent(OR=2.552,95％CI:1.946-3.346)or both parents(OR=4.655,95％CI:3.331-6.505)with myopia,only sometimes maintaining a distance of 3 meters when watching TV(OR=1.493,95％CI:1.057-2.111)and only sometimes keeping a distance of one fist from the edge of the desk when reading or writing(OR=1.465,95％CI:1.028-2.088).Infrequently using electronic screens in the dark after sunset(OR=0.404,95％CI:0.194-0.841)was a protective factor against myopia.Conclusion The prevalence rate of myopia among the pupils in Jiading District of Shanghai Municipality was relatively high.Targeted interventions based on influencing factors should be implemented for effective myopia prevention and control and positive outcome.
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