目的 分析阴囊表皮样囊肿患者的临床及超声、MRI特征。方法 2006年6月-2020年1月河南省人民医院、深圳市人民医院诊治阴囊表皮样囊肿患者46例，均行手术治疗。记录患者年龄、临床症状、病程，术前阴囊超声、MRI等影像学检查结果及术后组织病理检查结果等临床资料，并定期随访。结果 46例患者中20～50岁33例;43例因发现阴囊无痛性肿物就诊，3例因阴囊肿物伴疼痛就诊;病程5个月～20年，均否认阴囊外伤史;肿物最大直径≤3 cm 39例，＞3 cm 7例;单发41例，多发5例;肿物位于阴囊左侧16例，右侧9例，近阴囊中线21例。11例术前行阴囊超声检查，显示包膜完整，其内低回声，无血流信号。3例术前行MRI检查，MRI平扫显示肿物T，WI呈稍高信号，T2WI呈高信号，DWI呈高信号，肿物内信号均匀;肿物边界清晰，包膜局部表现为短T2信号，呈"蛋壳样"钙化表现。46例患者手术均顺利完成，完整切除肿物;术后组织病理检查诊断为阴囊表皮样囊肿;术后随访3个月～7年，肿物均未见复发。结论 阴囊表皮样囊肿是罕见的阴囊内良性病变，患者以中青年为主，多无明显临床症状，术前超声及MRI有助于诊断，手术切除治疗预后良好。
Clinical analysis of epidermoid cyst of the scrotum in 46 cases
Objective To analyze the clinical,ultrasound and MRI features of patients with epidermoid cyst of the scrotum.Methods From June 2006 to January 2020,46 patients with epidermoid cyst of the scrotum were performed surgery in Henan Provincial People's Hospital and Shenzhen People's Hospital.The clinical data including age,clinical symptoms,disease course,preoperative scrotal ultrasound,MRI and other imaging examination results,as well as postoperative histopathological examination were recorded,and the patients were followed up regularly.Results Among these 46 patients,33 were aged from 20 to 50 years,43 consulted doctors due to painless scrotal masses,and 3 due to scrotal masses accompanied with pain.The disease ranged from 5 months to 20 years,and all patients had no history of scrotal trauma.The maximum diameter of the masses was ≤3 cm in 39 patients and＞3 cm in 7 patients.The masses were single in patients and multiple in 5 patients.The mass was located on the left side of the scrotum in 16 patients,on the right side in 9,and near the midline of the scrotum in 21.Preoperative ultrasonography of the scrotum was performed in 11 patients,showing intact capsule,with hypoechoic content and no blood flow signal.Three patients underwent MRI scan before surgery.The MRI plain scan showed a slightly high signal on T1WI,high signal on T2WI,high signal on DWI,and uniform signal in the mass;the clear boundary of the mass,short T2 signal in local capsule,and"eggshell-like"calcification.The surgeries were successfully completed in all 46 patients,and the masses were completely removed.Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed epidermoid cyst of the scrotum.The postoperative follow-up for 3 months to 7 years showed no recurrence.Conclusions Epidermoid cyst of the scrotum is a rare benign lesion mainly devoloping in the scrotum of young and middle-aged men,and most of the patients have no obvious clinical symptoms.Preoperative ultrasound and MRI contribute to the diagnosis.Surgical resection generally achieves a good prognosis.
epidermoid cyst of the scrotumultrasoundMRIhistopathological examinationsurgical operation
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