Relationships of serum Nesfatin-1 and Vaspin with severity and inflammatory response in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome
Objective To observe the changes of serum Nesfatin-1 and Vaspin levels in patients with different degrees of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome(OSAHS)and to explore their relationships with the severity of OSAHS and inflammatory response.Methods Eighty-eight patients with OSAHS underwent polysomnography in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from December 2021 to April 2022 to record apnoea hypopnoea index(AHI),lowest oxygen saturation(LSpO2),oxygen desaturation index(ODI),and percentage of cumulative time with oxygen saturation below 90％in total sleep time(T90％).According to AHI,88 patients were divided into severe OSAHS group(n=32),mild-to-moderate OSAHS group(n=37),and normal group(n=19).The fasting elbow venous blood was collected from three groups to detect the serum levels of Nesfatin-1,Vaspin,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6)by ELISA.The gender,age,medical history,neck circumference,height,body mass index(BMI),and rate of obesity(BMI ≥30 kg/m2)were compared among three groups.Pearson correlation analysis was done to analyze the correlations of serum Nesfatin-1 and Vaspin with AHI,TNF-α and IL-6.Results(1)The BMI,neck circumference,AHI,ODI,T90％,obesity rate,and serum levels of Nesfatin-1,TNF-α and IL-6 were higher in severe OSAHS group[(29.16±3.48)kg/m2,(41.39±3.09)cm,55.65(44.10,74.80)times/h,55.60(42.80,70.20)times/h,35.55(11.30,58.30)％,40.6％,(2 643.77±565.77)ng/L,(65.81±7.92)ng/L,(40.85±6.22)ng/L]than those in mild-to-moderate OSAHS group[(26.83±3.63)kg/m2,(38.26±4.20)cm,14.80(9.50,23.30)times/h,16.70(12.70,25.30)times/h,1.00(0.30,4.80)％,18.9％,(2 339.60±517.80)ng/L,(57.90±9.99)ng/L,(36.44±5.65)ng/L]and normal group[(22.81±3.24)kg/m2,(33.74±2.80)cm,1.60(0.90,2.90)times/h,2.00(1.20,3.70)times/h,0,5.3％,(1 717.15±450.57)ng/L,(44.99±5.84)ng/L,(31.63±4.29)ng/L](P＜0.05),and higher in mild-to-moderate OSAHS group than those in normal group(P＜0.05).The LSpO2 and serum Vaspin level were lower in severe OSAHS group[69.50(59.30,78.50)％,(9.68±2.64)μg/L]than those in mild-to-moderate OSAHS group[83.00(77.00,87.00)％,(11.34±2.70)μg/L]and normal group[92.00(91.00,93.00)％,(13.13±2.35)μg/L](P＜0.05),and lower in mild-to-moderate OSAHS group than those in normal group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the gender ratio,age,smoking habits,alcohol consumptions,history of cerebral infarction,and percentages of hypertension and heart diseases among three groups(P＞0.05).(2)Nesfatin-1 was positively correlated with AHI,TNF-α and IL-6(r=0.272,P=0.024;r=0.307,P=0.010;r=0.438,P＜0.001),and Vaspin was negatively correlated with AHI,TNF-α and IL-6(r=-0.375,P=0.002;r=-0.291,P=0.015;r=-0.357,P=0.003).Conclusion With the development of the severity of disease,the systemic inflammatory response aggravates,the serum Nesfatin-1 level increases and the serum Vaspin level decreases in OSAHS patients,and both Nesfatin-1 and Vaspin are involved in the occurrence and development of OSAHS.
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