Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation in evaluating the effect of multi-strain probiotics on brain function of insomnia disorder patients
Objective To analyze the changes in the intensity of neural activity in local brain regions of insomnia disorder(ID)patients by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)-amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF)technique before and after probiotic intervention,and to invesitage the effect of probiotics on improving sleep and mood of ID patients.Methods Thirty-two ID patients were diagnosed and treated in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from December 2022 to December 2023,and were randomly divided into observation group(n=20)and control group(n=12).The patients in observation group received multi-strain probiotics(composed of Lactobacillus Swiss,Lactobacillus paracaseus and Streptococcus thermophilus),and the patients in control group took 6 g/d placebo which had the same packaging and specifications as the multi-strain probiotics,in warm water or directly swalloned after dinner,for 4 consecutive weeks.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Insomnia Severity Index(ISI),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)scores were compared between two groups before and 4 weeks after intervention.The rs-fMRI data were collected for ALFF analysis before and 4 weeks after intervention,and the ALFF value was calculated.Results The scores of PSQI,ISI,HAMA and HAMD showed no significant differences between observation group(14.400±2.872,15.950±5.083,10.200±8.575,12.150±7.842)and control group(13.250±2.340,13.917±4.316,14.167±9.331,11.833±4.529)before intervention(t=0.492,P=0.488;t=1.484,P=0.233;t=0.746,P=0.359;t=1.856,P=0.183),and were lower in observation group after intervention(9.200±2.984,10.750±5.693,9.465±7.300,8.350±7.205)than those before intervention(t=7.984,P＜0.001;t=4.690,P=0.001;t=2.610,P=0.017;t=2.916,P=0.009).In control group,the HAMA score was lower after intervention(11.167±7.481)than that before intervention(t=2.324,P=0.040),and the scores of PSQI,ISI and HAMD were not significant different after intervention(12.667±2.535,13.250±5.561,12.250±5.011)compared with those before intervention(t=1.541,P=0.152;t=0.842,P=0.417;t=-0.392,P=0.702).After intervention,the PSQI was lower in observation group than that in control group(t=-3.358,P=0.002),the scores of ISI,HAMA and HAMD showed no significant differences between groups(t=-1.213,P=0.235;t=-1.205,P=0.238;t=-1.646,P=0.110).The ALFF value of the right superior temporal gyrus in observation group was lower after intervention than that before intervention(GRF-adjusted,voxel level P＜0.01,mass level P＜0.05).No brain regions with different ALFF values before and after intervention were found in control group.Conclusions The application of multi-strain probiotics can improve the sleeping quality,and relive anxiety and depression,which might be correlated with the changes of intensity of sleeping-and emotion-related neural activity in brain regions of ID patients after application of multi-strain probiotics.The rs-fMRI-ALFF technique can objectively reflect the changes of brain function before and after intervention.
insomnia disorderprobioticsresting-state functional magnetic resonance imagingamplitude of low-frequency fluctuation
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