Changes and clinical significances of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and iron deposition in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients
Objective To observe the changes of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(()H)D3],oxidative stress indexes and iron deposition in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease(PD)patients,and to explore their correlations with PD.Methods From April 2021 to April 2023,71 PD patients(PD group)were diagnosed and treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,and another 71 healthy subjects(control group)received physical examination at the same period.The levels of serum 25(OH)D3,superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione(GSH)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected by spectrophotometric method.All PD patients received quantitative susceptibility mapping(QSM)to record iron deposition volume in the substantia nigra.Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS)was used to evaluate the severity of PD.Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale(PDSS)was used to evaluate the sleep quality.Non-Motor Symptoms Questionnaire(NMSQ)was used to evaluate non-motor symptoms.Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlations of 25(OH)D3 level and QSM value with UPDRS,PDSS and NMSQ scores.Results(1)The serum levels of 25(OH)D3,SOD and GSH were lower in PD group[(14.54±6.56)μg/L,(98.11±23.99)u/mL,(19.39±8.40)μmol/L]than those in control group[(31.81±11.20)μg/L,(124.31±29.43)u/mL,(68.63±33.06)μmol/L](t=8.276,P＜0.001;t=2.858,P=0.007;t=6.111,P＜0.001),the QSM value was higher in PD group(124.33±39.41)than that in control group(72.81±21.24)(t=4.386,P＜0.001),and the serum MDA showed no significant difference between two groups[(4.38±1.48)μmol/L vs.(5.38±2.87)μmol/L](t=1.286,P=0.208).(2)The scores of UPDRS,PDSS and NMSQ of PD patients were 50.49±5.76,112.70±6.73 and 13.63±2.86,respectively.The serum 25(OH)D3 level was negatively correlated with UPDRS score(r=-0.483,P＜0.001)and NMSQ score(r=-0.278,P=0.028),and positively correlated with PDSS score(r=0.320,P=0.011).The QSM value was positively correlated with UPDRS score(r=0.380,P=0.003)and NMSQ score(r=0.380,P=0.003),and negatively correlated with PDSS score(r=-0.269,P=0.037).Conclusions The serum 25(OH)D3 level decreases and the volume of iron deposition in the substantia nigra increases in PD patients.The iron deposition caused by oxidative stress may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of PD.
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