Changes of corneal topography and biomechanics in siblings of keratoconus patients
Objective To observe the characteristics of corneal topographic and corneal biomechanical parameters in patients with keratoconus and their siblings,and to explore the value of corneal biomechanical parameters to the screening of high-risk populations of keratoconus.Methods Thirty-two patients with keratoconus diagnosed and treated in Henan Eye Hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 and their 32 healthy siblings were enrolled as keratoconus group and sibling group,respectively,and another 32 patients scheduled for orthokeratology lens fitting and refractive surgery but no keratoconus were included as control group.The corneal topographic and biomechanical parameters were measured by using the Pentacam anterior segment analyzer and Corvis ST tonometer,respectively.The gender,age and intraocular pressure were compared among three groups.Results(1)There was significant difference in the intraocular pressure among keratoconus group,sibling group and control group[(11.87±2.64),(15.13±2.39),(16.14±1.70)mmHg](F=30.213,P＜0.001).There were no significant differences in the age and gender ratio among three groups(x2=0.341,P=0.843;F=3.525,P=0.095).The intraocular pressure was lower in keratoconus group than that in control group and sibling group(P＜0.05),and showed no significant difference between control group and sibling group(P＞0.05).(2)Significant differences were observed in K1,K2,Km,Kman,IS,ARC,PRC,ACT,CCT,CKI,ISV,IVA,KI,CKI,IHA,IHD and BAD-D among three groups(F=12.878,21.777,17.085,50.041,84.244,12.970,21.703,14.112,10.256,15.709,98.664,154.367,31.437,14.095,34.838,104.989,53.802;all P values＜0.05)and between keratoconus group and sibling group(P＜0.05),and showed no significant differences between sibling group and control group(P＞0.05).(3)Significant differences were observed in DLAML,A1T,A1V,A2T,A2V,HCT,Radius,HCDLL,Max Inverse Radius,Pachy Slope,DA Ratio Max[2 mm],DA Ratio Max[1 mm],ARTh,bIOP,Integrated Radius,SPA1 and CBI among three groups(F=23.523,22.183,10.534,7.516,12.218,6.383,46.826,3.549,30.236,31.109,36.229,45.337,58.959,12.497,46.128,78.604,122.600;all P values＜0.05),and PD showed no significant difference among three groups(F=1.800,P=0.171).The CBI was greater in sibling group(0.25±0.24)than that in control group(0.03±0.02)(P＜0.05),and smaller than that in keratoconus group(0.91±0.24)(P＜0.05).The Radius and HCDLL were shorter in sibling group[(6.51±0.64),(6.28±0.45)mm]than those in control group[(7.00±0.60),(6.52±0.36)mm](P＜0.05),and longer than those in keratoconus group[(5.00±1.19),(6.23±0.57)mm](P＜0.05).The SPA1 was smaller in sibling group(106.41±18.28)than that in control group(117.36±13.23)(P＜0.05),and greater than that in keratoconus group(62.06±22.87)(P＜0.05).The A2T and HCT were longer in sibling group[(22.22±0.60),(17.51±0.70)ms]than those in control group[(21.92±0.28),(17.01±0.47)ms](P＜0.05),and were not statistically different from those in keratoconus group[(22.39±0.51),(17.43±0.61)ms](P＞0.05).Conclusion The corneal biomechanics of the healthy siblings of keratoconus patients changes,which are characterized by a slightly decrease in corneal hardness and resilience,and the corneal biomechanical parameters can be used in the screening of high-risk keratoconus individuals.
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