变化环境下黄河流域内蒙古段植被与水文要素的时空协同演变
Spatio-temporal co-evolution of vegetation and hydrological elements under a changing environment in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin
陈永喆 1崔艳红 1张才金 1崔英杰 1王怡璇 2白亮亮 3郭建英 4刘廷玺 2卢静 5徐于月 6龙笛1
作者信息
- 1. 清华大学水圈科学与水利工程全国重点实验室,北京 100084;黄河流域内蒙段水资源与水环境综合治理协同创新中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
- 2. 黄河流域内蒙段水资源与水环境综合治理协同创新中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
- 3. 水利部海河水利委员会科技咨询中心,天津 300170
- 4. 中国水利水电科学研究院内蒙古阴山北麓荒漠草原生态水文野外科学观测研究站,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010020
- 5. 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京 100094
- 6. 南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏 南京 210023
- 折叠
摘要
为了探明我国干旱和半干旱区植被和水的时空演变规律,通过集成多源卫星遥感观测数据、再分析数据集与模型模拟数据,得到了黄河流域内蒙古段的降水、蒸散发、径流、表层土壤含水率、陆地总水储量变化信息,解析了 2003-2018 年不同土地利用类型区植被与水资源的时空演变特征,探讨了植被与各水文要素之间的相互作用规律.结果表明:黄河流域内蒙古段东部森林植被覆盖度的提升促使蒸散发增加,年均蒸散发量和径流量之和较降水量高16.5 mm,导致土壤水和地下水储量下降;农田年平均净灌溉耗水量为 101.3～108.9 mm,并因农田植被覆盖度逐年增大而增加;虽然草地区域年均蒸散发和径流量之和低于降水量,但草地植被覆盖度的持续增大导致水分盈余量显著降低,草地的耗水正接近其生态水文阈值;陆地总水储量等效水高以(7.5±1.9)mm/a的速率下降,区域地下水呈现亏缺趋势;降水的年际波动对植被覆盖度和蒸散发的影响逐渐减弱,对森林表层土壤含水率变化的影响也逐渐减弱.
Abstract
In order to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution rule of vegetation and water in arid and semi-arid areas of China,this study obtained the information of precipitation,evapotranspiration,runoff,surface soil moisture and total land water storage variations in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin by integrating multi-source satellite remote sensing observation,reanalysis datasets,and model simulation data.The spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of vegetation and water resources in different land use types from 2003 to 2018 were analyzed,and the interaction patterns between vegetation and various hydrological elemcnts were explored.The results indicate that the increase of forest vegetation coverage in the eastern part of the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin leads to the increase of evapotranspiration.The sum of annual evapotranspiration and runoff is 16.5 mm higher than the precipitation,resulting in the decrease of soil moisture and groundwater storage.The annual irrigation water consumption in farmlands ranges from 101.3 to 108.9 mm,and increases with the annual increase of cropland vegetation cover.Although the sum of annual evapotranspiration and runoff in grassland areas is lower than the precipitation,the continuous increase of grassland vegetation coverage significantly reduces the water surplus,resulting that the water consumption of grassland is approaching its eco-hydrological threshold.Total land water storage equivalent water height decreases at a rate of(7.5±1.9)mm per year,indicating a trend of groundwater depletion in the region.The interannual fluctuation of precipitation shows a gradually diminishing impact on vegetation coverage and evapotranspiration,as well as a decreasing influence on the changes of surface soil moisture in forests.
关键词
植被/水文要素/生态恢复/时空演变/黄河流域内蒙古段Key words
vegetation/hydrologic components/ecological restoration/spatio-temporal evolution/Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin引用本文复制引用
基金项目
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2020ZD0009)
国家自然科学基金项目(52079065)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据