Reproductive health is a major concern of society.The microbial community can deeply affect the reproductive health of women throughout their entire life cycle from various aspects.The imbalance of microbial can lead to reproductive endocrine diseases,infertility,tumors,adverse pregnancy outcomes,and even affect the health of offspring by regulating the body's inflammation,immunity and metabolism.This article focused on the effects of reproductive tract and intestinal flora on female reproductive health during the whole life cycle in order to better understand female health from the perspective of microbial.In the future,in-depth analysis of the prevention and protection mechanism of microbial balance and homeostasis on reproductive health is of great significance to promote the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive disorders.The establishment of a clinical transformation system of new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive disorders by means of microbial intervention has a profound impact on improving the health level of the whole reproductive cycle.