Objective To determine the effect of chitooligosaccharides (COSs) on the neurite outgrowth neuron of rats in vitro. Methods Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) explant and dissociated DRG neuron were cultured, and neurofilament-H (NF-H) fluorescent immunoeytochemistry and Leica QWin software was performed to detect the neurite outgrowth of cultured DRG and DRG neuron treated with COSs (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/ ml). Western blot was used to analyze the expression changes of NF-H and growth associated protein-43 (GAP43) 12 h after treatment with COSs (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/ml) in the dissociated DRG neuron. Re-suits The result of NF-H fluorescent immunocytochemistry showed that compared with the control group COSs (0.1 mg/ml and 0.2 mg/ml) promoted the neurite outgrowth of cultured DRG (P <0.01). The effect of different concentrations of COSs on neurite outgrowth of DRG neuron was similar to the effect on DRG. Compared with the control group, 0.2 mg/ml COSs promoted the neurite outgrowth of cultured DRG neuron (P <0.05). The results of Western blot showed that compared with control group, the protein levels of NF-H and GAP43 were up-regulated in dissociated DRG neurons after treated with 0.2 mg/ml COSs treatment for 12 h (P <0.05 and P <0.01). Conclusion COSs could promote the neurite outgrowth of cultured DRG and DRG neuron, and increase the expression of NF-H and GAP43.
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