Investigation of the changes of placental barrier in full-term delivery after IVF-ET
Objective:To explore morphological changes of the placenta in full-term delivery after IVF-ET and natural full-term delivery by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.Methods:The placentas of 6 patients hospitalized in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were recruited in IVF-ET group and 10 patients hospitalized in the same period after natural conception were in the control group.Both of the two groups were full-term,without pregnancy complications and delivered by elective cesarean section.The gross structure and the ultrastructure of the placentas in the two groups were observed by light microscope and electron microscope,respectively.Results:The maternal age in IVF-ET group was significantly higher than that in the control group[(32.8±1.9)years vs.(26.7±2.9)years,P＜0.05],and there were no significant differences in the gestational age,maternal body mass index(BMI),newborn birth weight,placental weight and placental efficiency between the two groups(P＞0.05).Under light microscope,there was no significant difference in the overall structure of placenta between IVF-ET group and the control group.For transmission electron microscope observation,compared with the control group,the placental barrier thickness[(3 749.0±1 514.0)µm vs.(3 379.4±1 080.6)μm],zygotrophoblastic basement membrane thickness[(66.2±17.5)µm vs.(60.2±15.9)μm]and the thickness of basal membrane of vascular endothelial cells[(104.2±23.4)μm vs.(103.5±21.9)μm]were increased in IVF-ET group,but the differences were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).In IVF-ET group,the apical microvilli of syncytiotrophoblast cells were reduced or even absent in the visual field of some placentas.Conclusions:IVF-ET technique did not cause significant change in the gross structure of placenta.However,the placental barrier thickness showed a tendency of thickening and the microvilli at the tip of syncytiotrophoblast cells decreased,suggesting that IVF-ET technology maybe hinder the exchange of nutrients between the fetus and the mother to a certain extent.
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