As the popularization of higher education in China deepens,the expansion of higher education institutions into county-level regions has emerged as a new trend in the localization of higher education.This study analyzes the emergence and current status of county-level higher education institutions,identifying the associated challenges and problems.Based on this analysis,and in light of strategic requirements for rural revitalization and new-type urbanization mechanisms,the study explores various aspects including institutional positioning,discipline and program development,talent cultivation models,and personnel management systems at county-level institutions.Drawing from the experiences of higher education institutions serving local social and economic development in countries such as the United States,Britain,and France,the study proposes policy recommendations for improving operational mechanisms,enhancing educational quality,and strengthening the capacity of these institutions to serve county-level social and economic development.