摘要
高速列车轴箱轴承的可靠性和高速性能是保障高速列车运行安全和运行效率的关键因素.依据高速列车轴箱轴承的实际应用工况特征,并结合现有高速列车轴箱轴承的检修统计数据,对比分析了双列圆锥和双列圆柱设计的轴箱轴承技术特点.针对现有某高速列车车型,以满足运营速度400 km/h的技术要求为目标,对双列圆锥轴箱轴承低摩擦优化设计和轴箱系统散热设计优化这两个方面进行研究.其中为了准确评估摩擦功耗,建立了轴承-车辆刚柔耦合动力学模型,并以京津轨道谱和实测车轮不平顺作为输入,计算了轴承的动态载荷.轴承摩擦计算结果表明,在车速400 km/h,X-life设计的双列圆锥轴箱轴承的摩擦发热功耗比原有双列圆锥轴箱轴承大约降低24％;轴箱轴承台架测试显示,在更高的车速下,X-life设计的双列圆锥轴箱轴承运转温度比原有双列圆锥轴箱轴承降低了大概15 ℃.轴箱系统热仿真计算显示,在相同的热源输入和环境温度和散热条件下,铝合金轴箱体的最高温度相比铸铁轴箱的最高温度降低了约20 ℃.相关研究结果,可以为运营速度400 km/h高速列车的轴箱系统总体设计提供参考.
Abstract
The reliability and speed capability are the key factors for the safety and efficiency operation of high-speed train.The technical features of double row tapered axle box bearing and double row cylindrical axle box bearing are compared and analyzed based on the application fields and recondition data.For the currently high-speed train,the low friction design optimization for double row taper axle box bearing and heat radiation optimization for the axle box is studied at the target of reach train speed 400 km/h.To estimate the friction power of the bearing accurately,a bearing-vehicle rigid-flexible coupling dynamic model was established.The dynamic loads of the bearing were calculated in the presence of the Beijing-Tianjin track irregularities and measured wheel irregularities.The simulation results show that,at train speed 400 km/h,the heat friction power of axle bearing with X-life design reduce around 24％compared with the currently design.The rig test results also shows that the operating temperature of former is 15 ℃ lower than the latter even at much higher speed.The heat simulation of axle box shows,with same heat source input and environment temperature and heat dissipate setting parameters,the operating temperature of axle box with aluminum is around 20 ℃ lower than the axle box with cast iron.
维普
万方数据