With the large-scale network operation of railways in China,the transportation capacity has been significantly improved.Given the facts such as the distribution characteristics of resources and industries and the characteristics of passenger travel in China,there are still challenges of capacity shortage in some key corridors,local areas and certain periods.By adopting the method of traf-fic flow route adjustment,the transportation capacity shortage in the target section can be alleviated.From the three dimensions of adjustment goal,adjustment principle and adjustment steps,this paper analyzes the adjustment factors of traffic flow route in the sec-tion with tight railway transportation capacity.Based on deconstructing the traffic flow structure and searching for alternative routes,the route adjustment scheme of each traffic flow is optimized and calculated with the aim of minimizing the flow adjustment cost of the whole network,so that the traffic flow in the section is reduced to approximately the designed value.An example is given to verify the effectiveness of the adjustment model,which provides research support for the application of network capacity,the optimi-zation of transportation organization and the planning of new lines.