Wave Force Characteristics of Different Types of Substructures of Sea Bridges
To investigate the wave forces acting on the substructures of offshore environment and the most dangerous wave directions,this paper takes the Toumen Port Sea Great Bridge as the background and focuses on the scaled models of three different types of substructures,including low pile cap piers,navigable hole piers,and high pile cap piers.Based on physical model experiments and CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)numerical simulations,the mechanical performance of the substructures of sea bridge under wave loads was analyzed.The time curves of horizontal wave forces under longitudinal,oblique,and transverse wave conditions for the physical model were analyzed,and a comparison was made between the wave forces obtained from the physical model tests and numerical simulations.At the same time,research on the driving performance on the bridge was carried out.The results show that the most dangerous wave direction for all three types of substructures is in the longitudinal direction,and the wave forces generated are influenced by the size and structural form of the piers.The larger the dimensions of the windward side structures,the greater the wave forces generated.The wave forces acting on the pier section and the pile foundation are controlled by velocity forces,while the wave forces on the pile cap section are controlled by inertial forces.When the substructures are subjected to wave loads,the peak values of horizontal do not occur simultaneously at different locations,but all reach their peak values first at the pile cap.Furthermore,the highest peak horizontal wave force in the lower structure of sea bridge is related to the location of wave action,and excessive wave force can affect the comfort of bridge operation.
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