In response to the relatively lagging monitoring and high false alarm rate of dangerous rock and rockfall disasters on railways in mountainous areas,on-site investigations were conducted on 26 tunnels along a railway line in a certain mountainous area.According to the formation mechanism of dangerous rocks,the dangerous rocks along the railway line are divided into five categories including steep slope dangerous rocks,steep scarp dangerous rocks,slope live rock piles,inclined dangerous rocks,and slope solitary rock groups.The principles and existing problems of monitoring technologies such as microseismic monitoring,intelligent monitoring network,passive protection network,and three-dimensional laser foreign object intrusion monitoring were introduced.The process of dangerous rock disasters is divided into five stages,and monitoring focuses are identified based on the development characteristics of dangerous rock bodies in each stage.A monitoring and early warning system for dangerous rock and rockfall was established.A typical construction site for the dangerous rock mass on the uphill slope of the tunnel entrance was selected,two on-site investigations to investigate the distribution and characteristics of the dangerous rock mass were conducted,and four risk areas were divided.The monitoring techniques and monitoring projects have been clarified in three aspects,which are pre-engagement,during-engagement,and post-engagement.According to the monitored location and displacement direction of the dangerous rock mass,the displacement of the dangerous rock mass in Zone Ⅰ and Zone Ⅲ has a significant impact on the safety of railway operation,and it is necessary to focus on investigation.
railway tunneldangerous rock and rockfall monitoring at the entrance of tunnelsfield experimentmicroseismic monitoringintelligent monitoring networkthree-dimensional laser foreign object intrusion monitoring
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