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汉代牛酒赐予现象新论

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汉文帝即位伊始,出于维护皇权的考量开始将民爵与牛酒一同赐予百姓.统治者在赐民爵的同时举行饮酒礼,以期厘定新的等级秩序.汉武帝在位时期,通过对外战争掠夺了大量的牲畜并扩大了牧场面积,为汉王朝的畜牧业发展带来了得天独厚的条件.宣元之际,这些被俘获的牲畜很可能会带来大规模的牲畜老病问题.因此统治者进行了高频率的牛酒赐予.王莽时期为了与汉王朝划清界限曾一改牛酒赐予故事,对民众赐予羊酒.东汉以降,随着现实状况的变化,统治者再也没有能力进行频繁且大规模的牛酒赐予.
A New Theory on the Gift of Cattle Wine in Han Dynasty
Upon Emperor Wendi's accession to the throne,he began to confer noble titles and cattle wine on civilians to enhance the imperial power.A drinking ceremony was held during the conferment to testify the establishment the new hierarchical order.During the reign of Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty,the number of livestock and the pasture area has greatly expanded through rai-ding and conquering the neighboring Huns and other barbarian tribes,which brought unique conditions for the development of an-imal husbandry in Han Dynasty.Initially,these trophy animals were likely to bring about a problem of large-scale livestock ag-ing.To solve this problem,the rulers resorted to frequent cattle wine granting.Later,Wang Mang,who usurped the throne from Han,changed the practice by granting people sheep wine instead to show his difference from the Han emperors.Starting from the Eastern Han Dynasty,however,with the change of social conditions,the rulers no longer had the ability to carry out frequent and large-scale cattle wine gifting.

Han Dynastycattle winedrinking ceremonyconferEmperor Wendi of Han DynastyWang Mang

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陕西师范大学历史文化学院,西安 710119

汉代 牛酒 乡饮酒礼 赐予 汉文帝 王莽

教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金

22YJA770004

2024

唐都学刊
西安文理学院

唐都学刊

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.094
ISSN:1001-0300
年,卷(期):2024.40(1)
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