Objective:This study employed two-sample Mendelian randomization to evaluate the causal relationship between schizophrenia and the risk of developing breast cancer.Methods:Data on schizophrenia and breast cancer were obtained from publicly available summary statistics databases of genome-wide association studies(GWAS).Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)associated with schizophrenia were utilized as instrumental variables to assess the causal relationship between schizophrenia and breast cancer.This evaluation was performed using methods such as inverse variance-weighted,MR-Egger regression,and weighted median in a two-sample Mendelian randomization.Odds ratio(OR)and 95% confidence interval(CI)were used to evaluate the results.The consistency of the results was further evaluated using funnel plots,Cochran's Q test,and MR-Egger intercept test.Results:A total of 68 SNPs were extracted as instrumental variables.The inverse variance-weighted method yielded an OR of 1.043 95% CI 1.016～1.070 for the association between schizophrenia and breast cancer,with a statistically significant(P =0.002).Similar results were obtained using the weighted median approach,MR-Egger method,simple mode method,and weighted mode method.No evidence of substantial heterogeneity was found through heterogeneity testing(P =0.242).Leave-one-out analysis indicated that no single instrumental variable strongly influenced the results,supporting a positive causal relationship.Conclusion:This study presents evidence supporting a causal link between schizophrenia and breast cancer,indicating that individuals with schizophrenia may have an elevated risk of developing breast cancer.These findings have implications for guiding the implementation of additional breast cancer screening in patients with schizophrenia.
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