基于需求层次理论的心理指导对社区糖尿病患者生活质量的影响
Influence of psychological guidance based on hierarchy of needs theory on the quality of life of community diabetes patients
戴宁 1张海波 2赵俊2
作者信息
- 1. 南京医科大学 公共卫生学院,江苏 南京 211166
- 2. 南京医科大学第一附属医院 医院管理研究所,江苏 南京 210029
- 折叠
摘要
目的:本研究以马斯洛需求层次理论为基础,对伴有心理疾病的糖尿病患者进行心理健康指导,并评估其应用效果,为社区糖尿病患者的心理护理提供理论依据和实践方法.方法:通过随机对照的方法纳入明确诊断心理不健康的糖尿病患者作为研究人群,通过随机软件的方法将214 例患者随机分为观察组和对照组,比较两组患者在心理指导前后心理健康水平及生理情况的差异性.结果:通过马斯洛心理护理方案的指导,可以显著改善社区糖尿病患者的心理健康水平和生理情况.在心理方面,马斯洛心理护理方案的指导有效缓解了患者的躯体化(Z =-6.41,P<0.01)、强迫症状(Z =-6.36,P<0.01)、人际关系敏感度(Z =-7.36,P<0.01)、抑郁症状(Z =-6.95,P<0.01)、焦虑症状(Z =-7.10,P<0.01)、敌对情绪(Z =-7.16,P<0.01)、恐怖症状(Z =-7.32,P<0.01)、偏执情态(Z =-4.53,P<0.01)和精神病态(Z =-3.41,P<0.01)方面的精神状况.另外,此心理护理方案还改善了患者的血糖(Z =-8.64,P<0.01)、血压(Z =-9.24,P<0.01)和体质量指数(Z =-7.77,P<0.01).结论:基于马斯洛需求层次理论的心理指导在社区糖尿病患者中具有潜在的应用价值.通过满足患者的心理需求,可以改善其心理健康水平和生理情况,并对疾病预后产生积极的影响.因此,在社区糖尿病患者管理中,建议可以尝试将该心理指导纳入综合治疗方案中.
Abstract
Objective:Based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,this study conducted psychological health guidance for diabetes patients with psychological illness,and evaluated its application effect,in order to provide theoretical basis and practical methods for psychological care of community diabetes patients.Methods:Patients with a clear diagnosis of diabetes mellitus with psychologically unhealthy were included in the study population through a randomized control method.214 diabetes patients with psychologically unhealthy problems were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group by method of randomization software.The difference of psychological health level and physiological condition of patients before and after psychological guidance between the two groups was compared.Results:Through the guidance of Maslow's psychological care plan,the psychological health level and physiological condition of diabetes patients in the community can be significantly improved.In terms of psychology,the guidance of Maslow's psychological care plan effectively alleviated the patient's somatization(Z =-6.41,P<0.01),obsessive-compulsive symptoms(Z =-6.36,P<0.01),interpersonal sensitivity(Z =-7.36,P<0.01),depression symptoms(Z =-6.95,P<0.01),anxiety symptoms(Z =-7.10,P<0.01),hostility(Z =-7.16,P<0.01),terror symptoms(Z =-7.32,P<0.01),paranoia(Z =-4.53,P<0.01)and metaphrenia(Z =-3.14,P<0.01).In addition,this psychological care plan also had a positive impact on improving patients'blood sugar(Z =-8.64,P<0.01),blood pressure(Z =-9.24,P<0.01),and body mass index(Z =-7.77,P<0.01).Conclusion:Psychological guidance based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory has potential application value in community diabetes patients.By meeting the psychological needs of patients,their psychological health level and physiological condition can be improved and have a positive impact on the prognosis of the disease.Therefore,in the management of community diabetes patients,it is suggested that the psychological guidance can be incorporated into the comprehensive treatment plan.
关键词
马斯洛需求层次理论/护理/糖尿病/心理指导/心理健康Key words
Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory/nursing/diabetes/psychological guidance/psychological health引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据