Objective:To probe into the risk factors of bloodstream infection(BSI)in children with aplastic anemia(AA).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 120 children with acquired AA who received immunosuppressive therapy(IST)at our hospital from March 2021 to March 2023.Based on the occurrence of BSI post-treatment,the patients were divided into BSI group and non-BSI group.The general and laboratory data of the two groups were collected.Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to explore the related factors of BSI in children with acquired AA.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of independent influencing factors and combined predictors for BSI in children with acquired AA.Results:There were 25 cases of BSI after IST treatment in 120 children with acquired AA,and the incidence of BSI was 20.83％(25/120).Univariate analysis showed that BSI in children with acquired AA might be related to AA classification,neutrophil count,albumin and globulin levels(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that very severe AA(OR=3.889,95％CI 1.230-12.302)was an independent risk factor for BSI in children with acquired AA,while higher neutrophil count(OR=0.005,95％CI 0-0.089)and higher albumin levels(OR=0.792,95％CI 0.692-0.908)were independent protective factors(P＜0.05).The ROC curve showed that all independent influencing factors and combined predictors had certain predictive efficacy for BSI in children with acquired AA,combined predictor had the best predictive efficacy,and the area under the curve(AUC)was 0.890.Conclusion:The risk factors of BSI in children with A A include extremely severe AA,low neutrophil count and low albumin level,and targeted nursing intervention can be taken accordingly.
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