Objective:To evaluate the dose-response relationship between coffee intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease.Methods:We systematically searched PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,VIP database and Wanfang database to collect relevant studies on the relationship between coffee intake and cardiovascular disease risk.The search period was from January 2000 to December 2023.Two researchers independently screened literature,extracted data and evaluated literature quality.The dose-response relationship between coffee intake and cardiovascular disease risk was analyzed using Stata 18.0 software.Results:A total of 30 cohort studies were included in this study,involving 2 079 727 subjects.Our study defines 1 cup of coffee as 125 mL.Traditional Meta-analyses showed that coffee drinkers had a 5％lower risk of cardiovascular disease compared with those who drank no or little coffee(RR=0.95,95％CI 0.92-0.98).The dose-response Meta-analysis showed that there was a nonlinear dose-response relationship between coffee intake and cardiovascular disease risk(P=0.01).Compared with non-coffee drinkers,those who consumed 1 to 6 cups of coffee per day had significantly lower risk of cardiovascular disease(1 cup·d-1:RR=0.97,95％CI 0.95-0.98),(2 cup·d-1:RR=0.94,95％CI 0.92-0.96),(3 cup·d-1:RR=0.92,95％CI 0.90-0.95),(4 cup·d-1:RR=0.92,95％CI 0.89-0.95),(5 cup·d-1:RR=0.93,95％CI 0.89-0.96),and(6 cup·d-1:RR=0.94,95％CI 0.90-0.98).Conclusion:Moderate coffee consumption can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease,myocardial infarction and heart failure.
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