首页|小学教师职业倦怠的基本特征与群体差异研究

小学教师职业倦怠的基本特征与群体差异研究

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职业倦怠对教师的教育实践产生较大负面影响,小学生年纪尚幼,受教师影响程度相对较大,因此对教师的心理健康有着更高的要求。从情感耗竭、去人格化、低成就感等三个维度编制调查问卷,对小学教师进行调查。分析表明,小学教师的职业倦怠总体和三个子维度均为正面,但情感耗竭程度显著高于其他两个子维度。小学教师的职业倦怠存在性别差异,但不存在婚姻与否的差异;任教主科和副科之间、是否担任班主任、不同学历以及是否有师范学习经历等方面存在显著性的群体差异,职业倦怠与教龄之间存在先逐渐升高再逐渐降低并逐步趋于平稳的抛物线变化趋势。为此,可从完善教师职业发展机制、构建良好校园文化和深化教师教育改革等方面入手,内部和外部因素相结合,有效避免或降低小学教师的职业倦怠。
Research on the Basic Characteristics and Group Differences of Primary School Teachers'Job Burnout
Teachers'job burnout will have a greater negative impact on their educational practive.Primary school students are still young,and their physical and mental development is relatively affected by teachers,which puts higher demands on teacher burnout.The questionnaire was designed from three dimensions:emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and low sense of a-chievement.The analysis shows that the overall and three sub dimensions of job burnout among primary school teachers are relatively positive,but the degree of emotional exhaustion is signifi-cantly higher than the other two sub dimensions.There are gender differences in job burnout a-mong primary school teachers,but there is no difference in marital status;There are significant group differences between the main and auxiliary subjects taught,whether they serve as class teachers,different educational backgrounds,and whether they have teacher training experience.There is a parabolic trend between job burnout and teaching age,which gradually increases,then decreases,and stabilizes.In view of these characteristics,we can effectively avoid or reduce the occupational burnout of primary school teachers by combining internal and external factors,inclu-ding improving the mechanism of teachers'professional development,building a positive campus culture and deepening the reform of teacher education.

primary school teachersjob burnoutbasic characteristicsgroup differences

黄友初、车轩

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上海师范大学教育学院(上海 200234)

江苏省昆山市花桥集善小学(江苏 苏州 215332)

小学教师 职业倦怠 基本特征 群体差异

国家自然科学基金

12026502

2024

天津市教科院学报
天津市教育科学研究院

天津市教科院学报

影响因子:0.296
ISSN:1671-2277
年,卷(期):2024.36(1)
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