Advances in Toll-like Receptor Agonist-based Adjuvants in Therapeutic Vaccines for Malignant Tumors
Malignant tumors pose a serious threat to health and life of mankind,and there is an urgent need to develop no-vel therapeutic strategies.Therapeutic tumor vaccines have become one of the most promising technologies for future tumor im-munotherapy by stimulating immune system to generate tumor antigen specific T-cell responses in patients for the purpose of tumor treatment.However,the immunogenicity of tumor antigen is low,and it is difficult to induce an effective immune response in the human body.Toll-like receptors(TLRs)are a class of pattern recognition receptors which are widely expressed in dendritic cells,macrophages,and other innate immune cells.The ligands of TLRs are a class of conserved pathogen associated molecular pattern.TLR agonists are highly effective vaccine adjuvants that enhance the efficiency of vaccine protection by stimulating the innate immune system,thereby increasing vaccine immunogenicity and enhancing tumor-specific T-cell responses.This article provides a review on the classification,molecular structure,signaling pathways,and progress of research on TLR agonist-based adjuvants and their application in therapeutic tumor vaccines.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
