Objective:Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a highly invasive subtype of lung cancer with rapid progression,short-term recurrence,and extremely poor prognosis.The treatment of small cell lung cancer has always been based on chemotherapy in the past three decades,but most patients relapse,and the long-term survival rate is extremely low.In recent years,immunotherapy has made breakthrough progress in the treatment of extensive stage SCLC(ES-SCLC).Early IMpower133 and CASPIAN studies were the first to demonstrate that the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)to chemotherapy could improve the survival of patients with ES-SCLC,thus establishing a new standard of first-line treatment with ICIs combined with chemotherapy.Subsequently,the CAPSTONE-1 and ASTRUM-005 studies also confirmed that domestic ICIs first-line therapy can prolong the median survival time of ES-SCLC patients and significantly delay disease progression,while several real-world clinical studies have also achieved similar results.Therefore,improving the efficacy of immunotherapy for ES-SCLC and maximizing the number of patients who can benefit from immunotherapy is a direction for further research.This article reviews the current situation of first-line immunotherapy for small cell lung cancer,the situation of immunotherapy in the real world,and potential biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy.
extensive small cell lung cancerimmune checkpoint inhibitorstumor immunotherapy
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