The aircraft control surfaces,which generate the necessary control forces to maintain controlled flight,are highly susceptible to damage in combat situations.Conducting damage assessment of aircraft control surfaces is critical for accurate damage evaluation of aircraft targets,reducing the vulnerability of the entire aircraft,and enhancing the aircraft's battlefield survivability.This paper has reviewed the basic aspects of aircraft control surface damage assessment and summarized the research framework from four aspects:damage assessment targets,damage mode analysis,low-vulnerability design,and stability augmentation control algorithms.Then six key technologies used in control surface damage assessment were analyzed.Based on the above findings,considering the demands for high survivability design of future aircraft and the need for rapid and accurate damage assessment technology,combined with advanced technological development trends,this paper revealed the issues that require attention and urgent solutions from the perspective of functional damage.