Analysis of the Whole Process of Wind Uplift Failures of Metal Roofing with Standing Seams
During the long service life of metal roofing with standing seams,wind uplift failures often occur due to various factors.Scholars both domestically and internationally have explored the failure process and form.Despite these efforts,a precise delineation of the stages of wind uplift failure and distinctive markers for each stage is still lacking.The static load-bearing capacity of metal roofing with standing seams was tested with a test apparatus designed independently,where the uniform wind uplift was replaced with the regional surface force.The failure process was analyzed based on visible phenomena and a 3D point cloud model.The study revealed that the failure process of metal roofing can be divided into 5 stages:elastic stage,plastic stage,strengthening stage,failure stage,and post-load-bearing stage,corresponding to the recovery of deformation after unloading,contact between the top of the vertical plate at the undercut and the bottom of the support,horizontal sliding of the top of the vertical plate along the bottom of the support,rapid expansion of the angle between the vertical plate and the horizontal plane,and sliding of the top of the vertical plate to the end of the bottom of the support,with a rapid increase in the gap between the rolled edges and unilateral release.After entering the"plastic stage",metal roofing in service undergoes irrecoverable permanent deformation and therefore requires timely reinforcement.In the design,two load-bearing limits can be set according to the wind resistance capacity and ultimate safety load.
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