The"King of the Ten Heavens"in the Xiapu scripture Mani the Buddha of Light,also known as Asamansha—transliteration of Sogdian sm'nxšyδ,can be identified with"King of the Ten Heavens"and"Great King of the Ten Heavens"in the Dunhuang Chinese Manichaean scriptures.He is a Manichaean god—Rex honoris,the second son of the Living Spirit and has nothing to do with the Ten Kings of the Underworld of secular Buddhism.The names"Impartial King"in the Dunhuang Chinese Manichaean scriptures,Yama in Mani the Buddha of Light,and Hades in the Manichaean Sacred Painting of Hades(Yamato Bunkakan painting)were borrowed from Buddhist apocryphal scriptures and their images were greatly influenced by the Ten Kings paintings and the hanging scrolls of the Ten Kings of Hell of secular Buddhism.The Ten Kings of the Underworld in Xiapu scripture Invoking Buddhas for Postmortem Merit are from secular Buddhism,not the gods of Manichaeism.
关键词
摩尼教/十天王/净风次子/民俗佛教/冥府十王
Key words
Manichaeism/King of the Ten Heavens/Second Son of the Living Spirit/Secular Buddhism/Ten Kings of Purgatory
维普
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