Design and application of a educational leaflet on iodine-avoidance diet before 131I treatment for hyperthyroidism
Objective To design an educational leaflet on iodine-avoidance diet before hyperthyroidism 131I treatment and to determine the application effect.Methods An expert meeting combined with semi-structured interviews was used to design an educational leaflet on iodine-avoidance diet before hyperthyroidism 131I treatment,emphasizing the types of iodine-containing diets,the types of iodine-free diets,the number of times per day,and the number of meals per meal,etc.The leaflet was distributed from January 2020 to 2022,and was used for the study.From January 2020 to January 2022,100 patients with hyperthyroidism treated with 131I were selected as study subjects and divided into a control group and an observation group of 50 cases each according to the principle of comparable baseline data between the groups.The control group adopted the conventional dietary counseling,while the observation group adopted the iodine-avoidance dietary education sheet designed by the hospital to carry out the dietary counseling,and the adherence to the low iodine diet,the dietary tolerance,the dietary tolerance and the dietary avoidance in 24 hours prior to treatment in the two groups were compared.We compared the adherence to low iodine diet,iodine intake 24 h before treatment,and the incidence of hypothyroidism after 131I treatment between the two groups.Results The compliance rate of patients in the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);the iodine intake of patients in the observation group 24 h before 131I treatment was lower than that of the patients in this group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);the incidence rate of hypothyroidism of the observation group is lower than the cortrol group,the difference is statistically significant(P＜0.05),hyponatremia is lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically not significant(P＞0.05).Conclusion The design and application of the pre-treatment iodine-avoidance diet leaflet for hyperthyroidism 131I treatment can help to improve the pre-treatment dietary compliance of patients treated with hyperthyroidism 131I treatment,and improve the iodine intake in the 24 h period before the treatment,but it does not promote the reduction of the risk of hyponatremia and hyponatremia,so it had a certain role in nursing care.
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