目的 从健康赋权理论出发了解老年人对社区互助养老需求现状,并分析其影响因素,为更好地提供社区互助养老服务以及提高老年人生活质量提供参考,同时为构建以需求为导向的社区互助养老体系提供理论依据.方法 2022年6月-9月选取湖南省3个社区 ≥60岁的256名老年人作为调查对象,使用自制的一般资料调查问卷、社区居家互助养老需求量表、老年人健康赋权量表(Elders Health Empowerment Scale,EHES)进行调查,通过单因素及多元线性回归分析影响社区老年人互助养老需求的相关因素.结果 社区居家互助养老需求总分为32.97(30.24,38.01)分,需求由高到低分别是人文关怀、娱乐学习、生活服务和医疗保健.单因素分析结果显示,文化程度、居住方式、睡眠质量、锻炼情况、所患慢性病数量及健康赋权得分是社区老年人对互助养老需求的影响因素(P＜0.05);多元线性回归分析结果显示,居住方式、睡眠质量、锻炼情况及健康赋权得分是社区老年人对互助养老需求的主要影响因素(P＜0.05),解释了互助养老需求总变异的17.2％.结论 社区老年人互助养老需求水平呈中等偏下水平,提示应积极采取覆盖健康全过程的卫生健康服务体系,以需求为导向,满足老年人多层次、多样化且差异化的健康养老需求,提高老年人健康水平和幸福感.同时政府及社区工作者应重点关注其影响因素,在健康赋权视角下,制订精准有效的干预措施,加大互助养老政策的宣传力度,适当开展社区活动,增设娱乐设施,拓宽其社交网络,加强人文关怀与社会支持,提高社区老年人互助养老需求水平.
Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of the mutual elderly care needs for the elderly in the community
Objective To understand the current situation of the needs of the elderly for community mutual elderly care from the perspective of health empowerment theory,analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide a reference for better providing community mutual elderly care services and improving the quality of life of the elderly,and to provide a theoretical basis for building a demand-oriented community mutual-aid elderly care system.Methods From June 2022 to September 2022,256 elderly people aged≥60 years in 3 communities in Hunan were selected as the survey subjects.The survey was conducted by using a self-made general information questionnaire,a community home-based mutual elderly care demand scale,and an Elders Health Empowerment Scale(EHES).Through univariate and multiple linear regression analysis,the relevant factors affecting the mutual elderly care needs of the community were analyzed.Results The total score of community home-based mutual care for the elderly was 32.97(30.24,38.01),and the demand ranged from high to low in humanistic care,recreational learning,life services,and medical care.The results of the univariate analysis showed that education level,living style,sleep quality,exercise status,the number of chronic diseases and health empowerment score were the influencing factors for the elderly in the community on the demand for mutual support for the elderly(P＜0.05),the results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that living style,sleep quality,exercise status and health empowerment score were the main influencing factors for the elderly in the community on the demand for mutual support for the elderly(P＜0.05),explaining 17.2％of the total variation in the demand for mutual support for the elderly.Conclusion The level of mutual elderly support needs in the community was moderately low,suggesting that a health service system covering the whole process of health should be actively adopted to meet the multi-level,diversified and differentiated health elderly care needs of the elderly and improve the health level and happiness of the elderly.Meanwhile,the government and community workers should focus on its influencing factors,formulate accurate and effective interventions from the perspective of health empowerment,increase the publicity of mutual aid elderly care policies,properly carry out community activities,add recreational facilities,expand their social networks,strengthen humanistic care and social support,and improve the level of mutual support elderly care needs in the community.
Health empowermentCommunity careMutual care for the elderlyInfluencing factorsInvestigation research
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
