偏向性技术进步适宜性的测度与结构分解
Measurement and Structural Decomposition of the Appropriateness of Biased Technological Change
李小克 1郑珊珊 2张姝晴 3史怀琪4
作者信息
- 1. 中南财经政法大学经济学院
- 2. 湖北经济学院会计学院
- 3. 中南财经政法大学经济学院;厦门大学经济学院
- 4. 中南财经政法大学经济学院;上海寻梦信息技术有限公司
- 折叠
摘要
偏向性技术进步与要素投入结构之间的匹配关系,对于厘清偏向性技术进步适宜性的内涵和机理,揭示全要素生产率(TFP)变化均具有重要意义.本文将偏向性技术进步的技术选择机制和要素边际生产率变化机制纳入偏向性技术进步适宜性的分析框架,首次将偏向性技术进步与要素投入结构是否有利于TFP增长作为偏向性技术进步适宜与否的衡量标准,并基于标准化要素增强型固定替代弹性(CES)生产函数,从有效要素投入结构和要素效率两个层面系统考察偏向性技术进步适宜性的测度和来源.由1980-2019年间中国和印度发展实践的经验分析表明,2008年国际金融危机之后我国在有效要素投入结构层面上的偏向性技术进步适宜性水平上升,这对TFP增长起到一定的稳定作用.然而,粗放的物质资本深化引发资本边际生产率水平递减,造成了我国要素效率层面偏向性技术进步适宜性较大损失.与此同时,我国劳动效率水平也进入低速增长状态,这是中国TFP增长率低于印度的最主要原因.相对而言,印度劳动偏向性技术进步具有较大的劳动边际生产率水平递增效应.工业化发展、城市化进程和经济自由程度演变显著推动了我国偏向性技术进步适宜性向要素效率驱动转变.本文为我国发展适宜的偏向性技术以促进TFP持续增长提供了有益启发.
Abstract
The matching relationship between biased technological change and the structure of factor inputs is of great significance in clarifying the connotation and mechanism of the appropriateness of biased technological change and revealing the changes in total factor productivity(TFP).The paper incorporates the technology selection mechanism and nechanisms of change in marginal productivity of factors into the analytical framework of the appropriateness of biased technological change.For the first time,whether the biased technological change and structure of factor inputs is favourable to TFP growth is used as the criterion for measuring the appropriateness of biased technological change.Based on standardized factor-augmenting constant elasticity of substitution(CES)production function,the measurement and sources of the appropriateness of biased technological change are systematically examined at the levels of effective factor input structure and factor efficiency.Based on the samples of China and India from 1980 to 2019,the paper finds that the rise in the appropriateness of biased technological change at the level of effective factor input structure in China after the 2008 international financial crisis has played a stabilising effect on TFP growth.However,the material capital deepening triggered the diminishing marginal productivity level of capital,resulting in a greater loss of the appropriateness of biased technological change.Meanwhile,China's labour efficiency has decreased,which was the main reason why China's TFP growth rate was lower than India's in the same period.In contrast,India's labour-biased technological change has a larger incremental effect on the marginal productivity level of labour.China's appropriateness of biased technological change has been driven by the evolution of industrialization,urbanization,and economic freedom towards factor efficiency.The paper provides valuable insights for China to develop appropriate biased technologies aimed at promoting sustainable TFP growth.
关键词
偏向性技术进步适宜性/技术选择机制/要素边际生产率变化机制/全要素生产率Key words
Appropriateness of Biased Technological Change/Technology Selection Mechanism/Mechanisms of Change in Marginal Productivity of Factors/Total Factor Productivity引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目(72003199)
国家社会科学基金哲学社会科学领军人才项目(22VRC148)
湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究重点项目(23D053)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2722023BY002)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据