大国身份叙事重塑与印度的新"全球南方"外交
The Reconstruction of Great Power Narrative and India's New Diplomacy for Global South
吴琳1
作者信息
摘要
俄乌冲突爆发后,开拓"全球南方"新议程成为印度外交的新抓手.莫迪政府之所以会"重新找回全球南方",不是要回到"动员南方对抗西方"的旧模式,而是为了服务其大国战略转型.在历史化的"全球南方"中,印度作为地缘中心、文明中心的历史地位不仅形塑了其"全球南方"身份,也建构了印度独立以来的不结盟外交传统.但莫迪上台后打破这一传统外交框架,将"领导型大国""西南大国"和"全球南方领导者"打造为新的身份叙事,加速推进印度大国战略."全球南方"的作用因此被重新定位.政策取向上,印度的新"全球南方"外交主要表现为推动国际发展合作转型,强化以印度教文化为基础的软实力外交,倡导改革多边主义,以及联合西方对华进行"全球南方领导者"的地位竞争.尽管现有的国际环境总体上有利于印度,但莫迪政府过分追求大国地位而虚化"全球南方"身份,将"全球南方"工具化,使之服务于自身的短期收益和地缘政治博弈,势必会受到多方制约.当前,需警惕西方利用印度追求大国地位的急切心理,操弄"全球南方"议程,激化中印竞争,加剧"全球南方"陷入集团政治困境的风险.
Abstract
After the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict,the Modi government of India actively ex-plored the new agenda for the Global South.The reason why the Modi government has rediscovered the Global South is not to return to the old model of mobilizing the South against the West,but to serve its stra-tegic transformation towards a major power.In the historicized Global South,India's historical position viewed as the center of geography,civilization not only shapes its identity within the Global South,but also constructs non-alignment diplomatic tradition since its independence.After Modi took office,he broke the traditional diplomatic framework,and created new identity narratives of"leading power","Southwestern power",and"Global South Leader",and started the transformation of major power strategy.The role of the Global South has therefore been repositioned.In terms of policy orientation,the Modi administration's new diplomacy towards the Global South is mainly manifested in accelerating the transformation of international development cooperation,promoting diplomacy of soft power based on the Hindu culture,advocating re-formed multilateralism,and collaborating with the West to compete for the leadership of Global South with China.Although the existing international environment is generally favorable for India's diplomacy,due to the pursuit of great power status and falsification of global south identity,India instrumentalizes its new Global South diplomacy,making it serve its own short-term gains and geopolitical games,which will inevi-tably be subject to multiple constraints.For China,it is necessary to be wary of the West using India's ea-gerness for major power status,manipulate the Global South agenda,intensify competition between China and India,and exacerbate the risk of the Global South falling into the dilemma of bloc politics.
关键词
印度外交/"全球南方"/身份叙事/大国叙事/地位追求/战略自主Key words
Indian diplomacy/Global South/identity narrative/great power narrative/status seeking/strategic autonomy引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BGJ065)
出版年
2023
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据