Development of Equipment Technology for Exploitation of Marine Mineral Resources
With the rapid development of global strategic emerging industries,the demand for critical miner-als such as cobalt,nickel,manganese and lithium has soared,rendering deep-sea mineral resources of sig-nificant exploitation value.Simultaneously,the exploitation of seabed mineral resources will drive the ad-vancement of deep-sea technology and industry to a higher level,enhancing a country's marine development and exploration capabilities.This paper delves into the progress of global deep-sea mineral resource exploi-tation,with a particular focus on the pivotal role of equipment technology in this process.Since the 1960s,developed countries have made continuous breakthroughs in the management systems,exploration equip-ment,development platforms,and mining operation equipment for deep-sea mineral resources,thereby strengthening their management systems of ocean affairs and developing seabed drilling technology,deep-sea mining platform technology,and technology of environmental impact assessment.Some countries have already completed multiple offshore mining tests,demonstrating their ability to lead the formulation of inter-national seabed mining standards and rules.China has rapidly improved its administrative management ca-pabilities and the level of legal construction related to seabed resource development since the 1990s,active-ly participating in the exploration and application for international seabed mining areas.Since the 12th Five-Year Plan period,China has successively completed the individual tests of mining vehicles ranging from 500 meters to 4000 meters in sea trials,laying a solid foundation for the next stage of work.However,compared with foreign developed countries,China remains behind them because it has inadequate fundamental re-search,limited capabilities for verification and research and development(R&D)of core technological e-quipment,a lack of independent R&D capabilities for key components,the absence of full-system joint sea trials and commercial mining solutions,and the lag in the R&D of environmentally friendly equipment and environmental assessments.Having seen the upcoming era of deep-sea mining,China should strengthen strategic research on the exploitation of deep-sea mineral resources,intensify technological innovation,ac-celerate the development of a technological system for deep-sea mining equipment,foster a high-tech equip-ment industry for deep-sea exploration,and expand China's interests in deep-sea activities.
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