为了比较不同花期梅花药材质量的差异，采集了 45批不同花期的梅花药材，采用UPLC法建立了一种同时测定梅花药材中9个成分含量的方法，在此基础上结合化学计量学分析，通过聚类分析(cluster analysis，HCA)、主成分分析(principal component analysis，PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别式分析(orthogonal partial least squares discrimi-nant analysis，OPLS-DA)等对45批梅花药材进行不同花期鉴别和分类。研究结果显示:所建立的方法能够使样品中的各指标成分达到良好分离，新绿原酸、绿原酸等酚酸类成分含量随着生长期的增长而减少;而金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷、芦丁、槲皮素-3-O-新橙皮苷等黄酮类成分则是盛花期含量高于其他时期。从HCA和PCA分析中可发现45批梅花样品可明显区分为2类，从OPLS-DA分析结果可得出新绿原酸、绿原酸、隐绿原酸是区分不同生长期贡献较大的3种成分，可作为指导梅花药材质量控制的关键成分，从而进一步对三种花期进行区分。由此可见，本研究建立的UP-LC方法准确度良好，结合化学计量分析，该方法可用于区分不同花期梅花药材质量的差异性，为其质量控制提供参考。
Multicomponent content determination and quality analysis of Mume Flos at different flowering stages based on UPLC
In order to compare the quality differences of Mume Flos at different flowering stages,45 batches of Mume Flos at different growth and flowering stages were collected.UPLC method was used to establish a method for simultaneous determina-tion of nine components in Mume Flos.On this basis,combined with stoichiometric analysis,45 batches of Mume Flos were i-dentified and classified by cluster analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).The results showed that the established method could achieve good separation of each in-dex component in the sample,and the content of phenolic acids such as neochlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid decreases with the increase of growth period.The contents of flavonoids such as hypericin,isoquercetin,rutin,quercetin-3-O-neohesperi-din were higher in the full flowering period than in other periods.According to HCA and PCA analysis,45 batches of Mume Flos samples can be clearly divided into two categories.According to PLS-DA analysis results,it could be concluded that neo-chlorogenic acid,chlorogenic acid and cryptochlorogenic acid were the three components that contribute significantly to distin-guish different growth stages,and could be used as the key components to guide the quality control of Mume Flos,so as to fur-ther distinguish the three flowering stages.It can be seen that the UPLC method established in this study has good accuracy.Combined with stoichiometric analysis,the method can be used to distinguish the quality differences of Mume Flos at different flowering stages and provide references for their quality control.
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