耕作与秸秆还田深度变化对不同土层团聚体稳定性的影响
Effects of different tillage and straw returning depths on soil aggregate stability of different soil layers
于洪久 1王根林 1段衍 2刘峥宇 3时妍 4刘沣漫 1王伟 1邱广伟 5孙磊 1李玉梅1
作者信息
- 1. 黑龙江省黑土保护利用研究院,农业农村部黑土地保护与利用重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150086
- 2. 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,安徽 合肥 230031
- 3. 黑龙江省绥滨农场,黑龙江 绥滨 156299
- 4. 黑龙江北大荒现代农业服务集团有限公司宝泉岭分公司,黑龙江 佳木斯 154211
- 5. 黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院,黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161601
- 折叠
摘要
耕作和秸秆还田可以改变土壤理化性状,影响土壤团聚体的稳定性.采用田间定位试验,研究耕作与秸秆还田深度变化对旱地草甸土不同深度土层水稳性团聚体稳定性的影响,为科学开展秸秆还田培肥土壤提供依据.结果表明:土壤团聚体稳定性受＞2000 μm粒径大团聚体影响较大,连续 5 年翻耕显著降低了表层(0～20 cm)土壤＞2000 μm粒径水稳性大团聚体的占比,增加了53～250 μm微团聚体和＜53 μm黏粉粒的比例.浅翻(ST)和秸秆浅翻还田(STS)与深翻(DT)和秸秆深翻还田(DTS)分别对10～20和20～30 cm土层黏粉粒的增加影响较大,其中,10～20 cm土层ST较免耕(NT)和DT处理分别增加86.21%和14.65%,20～30 cm土层DT较NT和ST处理分别增加113.82%和59.68%,差异显著(P＜0.05);连续翻耕由于对亚耕层(20～40 cm)的频繁扰动,导致 250～2000 μm粒径团聚体的稳定性降低,DT较NT和ST与DTS处理较覆盖免耕(NTS)和STS处理分别平均降低 19.43%与 20.57%,且差异显著(P＜0.05).研究结果表明,连续相同耕作方式或秸秆还田方式不利于形成稳定的土壤团聚体结构,建议今后生产中采用轮耕轮还等保护性耕作方式调整秸秆还田深度,以达到改善土壤结构、提高团聚体稳定性、培肥土壤的目标.
Abstract
Tillage and straw returning could change the stability of soil aggregates and physical characteristics.The field positioning experiment was conducted to study the influence of tillage and straw returning depth on the stability of soil water-stable aggregates so as to provide a scientific basis for straw returning depth on dry meadow soil.The results showed that stability of aggregates was affected by the proportion of macro-aggregates with grain size＞2000 μm.The water-stable macro-aggregates with grain size＞2000 μm in 0-20 cm soil layer was significantly decreased but contents of 53-250 μm micro-aggregates and clay silt particles＜53 μm were increased with constantly tillage in five years.Among them,clay silt particles＜53 μm with shallow tillage in 10-20 cm soil layer increased by 86.21%and 14.65%,respectively,compared with no tillage and deep tillage,and deep tillage in 20-30 cm soil layer increased by 113.82%and 59.68%,respectively,compared with no tillage and shallow tillage(P＜0.05).Deep tillage had a great impact on the reduction of 250-2000 μm particle size aggregates in 20-40 cm soil layer,which was 19.43%and 20.57%on average,respectively,lower than no tillage and shallow tillage,straw mulching and straw shallow returning with significant differences(P＜0.05).The stability of aggregates was reduced due to the disturbance of continuous deep tillage to the subsoil,all of these can provide a scientific basis to improve the soil structural properties and the stability of aggregates and fertilize the soil,and the depth of tillage and straw returning should be adjusted by means of rotation in future production.
关键词
秸秆还田/耕作/水稳性团聚体/稳定性/土壤深度Key words
straw returning/tillage/water-stable aggregates/stability/depth of soil引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1500305)
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1500704)
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300806)
国家大豆产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-04-01A)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据