Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus combined application on the quality of bitter bamboo shoots and bamboo forest soil
The effects of nitrogen and phosphorus application on the yield,quality and soil physical and chemical properties of bitter bamboo shoots were studied,and the main factors affecting the quality of bitter bamboo shoots were analyzed to explore scientific fertilization scheme of bitter bamboo to improve yield and quality.Six combinations of two nitrogen application rate(375 and 625 kg·hm-2)and three nitrogen to phosphorus ratios(16∶5,16∶9,16∶12)were set up,taking the undeveloped natural bitter bamboo forest as the control,to clarify the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus combined application on the yield and quality of bitter bamboo shoots.The redundancy analysis was used to explore the relationship between soil physical and chemical properties and the quality of bitter bamboo shoots.(1)Combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly increased the yield of bitter bamboo shoots by 41.55%-152.63%;(2)Combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus improved the accumulation and utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus in bitter bamboo shoots,and improved the nutritional quality and eating quality of bitter bamboo shoots;When applying 375 kg·hm-2 nitrogen fertilizer and the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus was 16∶5,the bitter bamboo shoots had the best taste and the highest nutritional value;(3)Fertilization significantly increased the content of nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,total phosphorus and available phosphorus in soil,to some extent,aggravate soil acidification,but had no significant effect on the content of alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil;(4)The contents of ammonium nitrogen and total phosphorus in soil at the late shoot emergence stage were significantly lower than those at the early shoot emergence stage,while the contents of total nitrogen,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen,organic matter and available phosphorus were significantly higher than those at the early shoot emergence stage;For nitrate nitrogen content,under low nitrogen conditions,the content in the early stage was significantly higher than that in the late stage,with a decrease of 31.46%-37.32%,but under high nitrogen conditions,the content in the late stage was higher than that in the early stage.Nitrogen fertilizer is the decisive factor to determine the shoot amount of bitter bamboo,the yield and quality of bitter bamboo shoots are the best under the treatment of 375 kg·hm-2 of nitrogen fertilizer and 16∶5 of nitrogen and phosphorus ratio.
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万方数据
