Effects of microbial agents and organic-inorganic fertilizer application on soil fertility,grape and wine quality in cabernet sauvignon grape cultivar
In order to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer,give full play to the effect of organic fertilizer and effectively improve the quality of wine grapes,a field plot experiment with six treatments was conducted,which were no fertilizer control(CK),100%chemical fertilizer(C1),100%organic fertilizer(O1),100%organic fertilizer +microbial agent(O1B),60%chemical fertilizer +40%organic fertilizer(C0.6O0.4)and 60%chemical fertilizer +40%organic fertilizer +microbial agent(C0.6O0.4B).The contents of N,P2O5,K2O were the same in all fertilization treatments except CK.The effects of different fertilization treatments on soil nutrients,basic physicochemical properties and phenolic accumulation of grapes and wine were studied to analyze the correlation between soil environmental factors and quality indexes of grapes and wine,and the theoretical basis for scientific and efficient fertilization of wine grapes could be provided.The results showed that compared with CK treatment,the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total potassium,available potassium and soluble organic carbon treated by O1 and C0.6O0.4 treatments were significantly increased by 30.22%and 70.65%,27.45%and 31.37%,10.10%and 20.11%and 438.93%and 491.60%,respectively.Compared with C1 treatment,the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total potassium,available potassium treated by O1B and C0.6O0.4B treatments were significantly increased by 101.30%and 104.78%,27.45%and 47.06%,13.58%and 23.12%and 2.23%and 15.81%,respectively.Organic fertilizer with microbial agent treatment significantly improved the soil fertility in vineyards.Compared with CK,the total soluble solids,reducing sugars,and sugar-acid ratio of grapes treated by C0.6O0.4B treatment were increased by 4.93%,10.35%and 49.78%,respectively;the alcohol of wine was increased by 6.67%and the total acid content was decreased by 7.93%;the total phenol and total anthocyanin content of skins were increased by 26.98%and 19.56%,respectively;total phenols and total anthocyanins of wine were increased by 11.13%and 56.98%,respectively.RDA and Spearman correlation analyses showed the variation of quality indicators of wine grapes and wine was closely related to soil environmental factors(organic matter,nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,available potassium,available phosphorus),the potential of co-application of microbial agent and organic fertilizers to improve the quality of wine grapes was confirmed.A comprehensive comparison showed that organic fertilizers and microbial agent could improve soil properties and the quality of wine grapes,thus improving the taste and color quality of wine,with the best results of C0.6O0.4B.
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