Effects of nutrient expert system recommended fertilization on cotton yield,nutrient uptake,utilization and balance in Xinjiang
In order to verify the applicability of cotton nutrient expert system recommended fertilization in southern and northern Xinjiang,the effects of nutrient expert recommended fertilization on cotton yield,economic benefit,nutrient absorption and fertilizer utilization rate were studied.Field trials were conducted in Shawan,Changji and Bachu in Xinjiang in 2020,with 6 treatments for each experiment:recommended fertilization based on nutrient expert system(NE),farmers conventional fertilization(FP),formulated fertilization based on soil testing or recommended fertilization by the local agricultural technology extension department(ST),no nitrogen fertilizer applied on the basis of NE recommendation(NE-N),no phosphate fertilizer applied on the basis of NE recommendation(NE-P),no potassium fertilizer applied on the basis of NE recommendation(NE-K).The results showed that,in Shawan,Changji and Bachu test sites,the yield of NE treatment was higher than that of ST and FP treatment,and the yield increased by 4.71％and 6.68％in Shawan,5.53％and 9.58％in Changji,5.81％and 9.47％in Bachu,respectively.In the three test sites,compared with ST and FP treatment,NE increased the income by 2682.13-4027.40 and 4278.95-6895.06 yuan/hm2,respectively.In Shawan,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium utilization rates of NE treatment were significantly higher than those of ST and FP treatment,increasing by 14.65％and 9.08％,10.93％and 15.92％,7.26％and 8.53％,respectively.In Changji,the nitrogen utilization rate of NE treatment was significantly higher than FP treatment,increasing by 21.69％.In Changji,the utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer NE treatment was significantly higher than that in ST and FP treatment,increasing by 29.38％and 34.60％,32.16％and 40.37％,respectively.In Bachu,the utilization rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer NE treatment were significantly higher than those in ST and FP treatment,increasing by 12.84％and 12.02％,16.76％and 24.21％,respectively.In Bachu,the utilization rate of potassium fertilizer NE treatment was 4.39％higher than that in FP treatment.In Shawan,compared with ST and FP treatments,the nitrogen agronomic efficiency of NE was increased by 1.98 and 2.00 kg/kg,phosphorus agricultural efficiency increased by 2.58 and 3.29 kg/kg,and potassium agronomic efficiency was increased by 1.82 and 3.74 kg/kg,respectively.In Changji,the nitrogen agronomic efficiency of NE treatment was 4.03 kg/kg higher than that of FP treatment,and NE treatment was higher than that of ST and FP treatment,phosphorus agricultural efficiency increased by 10.59,11.81 kg/kg,and potassium agronomic efficiency was increased by 6.27 and 8.08 kg/kg.Compared with ST and FP treatments,the nitrogen agronomic efficiency of Bachu NE was increased by 2.43 and 2.51 kg/kg,phosphorus agricultural efficiency increased by 3.29 and 4.61 kg/kg,and potassium agronomic efficiency of NE was 1.89 kg/kg higher than that of FP treatment,respectively.The profit and loss rates of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of NE in Shawan was 27.10％,46.82％and 59.54％,while that in Changji was 16.39％,6.25％,18.30％and in Bachu it was 61.04％,48.53％and 27.81％,respectively.Nutrient expert system-cotton recommended fertilization balanced the fertilization ratio of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer,and effectively improved the nutrient absorption,fertilizer utilization and economic benefits of cotton while ensuring the yield.
万方数据
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