Effects of combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on yield,quality and nutrient absorption of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don
This study was aimed to investigate the effects of combined application of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)on the yield,total alkaloid content and nutrient absorption of Fritillaria cirrhosa D.Don,to reveal the fertilization demand pattern of F.cirrhosa,and provide theoretical guidance for commercial cultivation of F.cirrhosa.The classical"3414"design scheme that include 14 treatments with three factors and four levels of N,P and K was employed to determine the yield,total alkaloid content and N,P and K content of five-year-old F.cirrhosa under different N,P and K applications,and the fertilizer effect model of N,P and K dosage with yield and total alkaloid content of F.cirrhosa was fitted by using regression analysis method,combined with frequency analysis to obtain the high-quality fertilizer application dosage of F.cirrhosa.Combined application of N,P and K significantly affected the yield and total alkaloid content of F.cirrhosa.In a certain range of fertilization,the yield and total alkaloid content of F.cirrhosa exhibited a trend of ascending and then descending with the increase of fertilizer application,which was preferred under the dosage of T3(N,P2O5 and K2O were 12,18 and 21 g/m2,respectively)and T6(N,P2O5 and K2O were 24,18 and 21 g/m2,respectively).The agronomic efficiency of the T3 treatment was the highest among the 14 treatments,which was 30.96%.The N,P and K absorption and distribution ratios in the whole plant of F.cirrhosa under different treatments were 50.44%-54.36%,5.72%-7.22%and 38.94%-42.33%,respectively,with no statistically considerable variation.Compared with T6(baseline fertilization)treatment,the yield and total alkaloid content of T2(N deficiency),T4(P deficiency)and T8(K deficiency)treatments decreased by 44.42%,32.31%,47.29%and 21.29%,14.01%,21.66%,respectively.The effects of different fertilizers on yield and total alkaloid content of F.cirrhosa were as follows:N ≈ K＞P.The correlation between the application amount of N,P and K and the yield and total alkaloid content all achieved highly significant level(P＜0.01).According to the fertilizer efficiency model and frequency analysis method,the most suitable fertilization regimen for five-year-old F.cirrhosa was N 15.27-21.72 g/m2,P2O5 11.85-16.08 g/m2 and K2O 13.82-18.65 g/m2,taking yield and total alkaloid content as the main indexes for investigation.
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