Effects of different spacing modes and straw mulch amounts on wheat yield and soil characteristics in the coastal tidal flat area
The research aimed to study the dynamic changes of soil salinity,pH,moisture and temperature during the growth period of shoal wheat under different line spacing and straw mulch,and to determine the effects of the combination of row spacing and straw mulch on the yield of shoal wheat and its constituent factors.A wheat planting experiment was carried out from November 2021 to June 2022 in the coastal tidal flat area of Nantong,Jiangsu province.Two row spacing modes including uniform row spacing of 25 cm+25 cm(A1)and wide and narrow row width of 30 cm+20 cm(A2),and three straw mulching amounts of 0(S0),1.5(S1)and 3.0 t/hm2(S2)were set up in the experiment.The results showed that the salt of soil layers 0-20 and 20-40 cm in each treatment had similar seasonal characteristics during the process of wheat planting in the coastal beach.The salt change was relatively stable from December to February of the next year,the salt decreased significantly in March,and then the soil salt returned with the increase of temperature.At the same time,the soil salinity of 0-20 and 20-40 cm under S1 and S2 treatments was significantly lower than that under S0 treatment overall,but there was no significant difference in soil salinity between A1 and A2 modes.On the whole,there was no significant difference in the yield of shoal wheat under A1 and A2 modes.Compared with S0 treatment,the yield of shoal wheat under S1 and S2 treatments was increased by 8.68%and 11.58%,respectively(P＜0.05).From the analysis of yield composition factors,the panicle number increased by 8.90%and 7.91%under S1 and S2 treatments,compared with S0 treatment,and the panicle number increased by 6.23%and 6.23%under S1 and S2 treatments,compared with S0 treatment,respectively.Therefore,it was concluded that straw mulching had a better effect on salt control and salt reduction of topsoil,and the decrease of salt in wheat jointing stage promoted the formation of wheat panicle number,and the decrease of soil salt return in wheat booting stage promoted the increase of grain number per panicle,and finally achieved the purpose of wheat yield increase in the coastal tidal flat area.
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