滴施改良剂对棉花种子萌发、幼苗生长及盐碱土结构的影响

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中文摘要：新疆植棉区土壤盐碱化严重。为农业可持续发展提升土壤肥力进而获得棉花高产，通过盆栽试验，以南疆库尔勒盐碱化土为研究对象，研究自制天然-合成聚合物土壤改良剂对棉花种子萌芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、棉花幼苗根茎长、干鲜重的影响，并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜表征方法对土壤改良剂作用下土壤微观结构进行研究。研究表明，自制土壤改良剂 1#即矿源黄腐酸钾-聚丙烯酸接枝盐碱土壤改良剂在 3 个不同浓度条件下均能改善棉花种子萌发、早期生长状况，以A2 处理(880 mg土壤致良剂 1#+1000 mL蒸馏水)效果最佳，相对于CK处理(1000 mL蒸馏水)，发芽势和萌发率分别提高了 63。2%和 50。0%，幼苗鲜重增加了 99。0%，干重增加了 76。9%。自制土壤改良剂 2#即矿源黄腐酸钾-聚丙烯酸共混盐碱土壤改良剂在低浓度下能提高种子萌发率及幼苗生物量，中高浓度有不同程度的抑制作用。改良后土壤的红外光谱变化不大，有机质吸收峰稍有增强;添加土壤改良剂能改善原始土壤致密紧实的结构，土壤颗粒之间开始团聚、土壤表面变得粗糙，改良剂 1#以A2处理土壤团聚颗粒最大，颗粒间孔隙最多，改良剂 2#土壤也变得相对疏松，但不同添加浓度之间变化不大。

外文标题：The effects of soil amendments on cotton seed germination,seedling growth,and saline-alkali soil structure

外文摘要：Soil salinization in Xinjiang cotton planting areas is serious.In order to utilize saline-alkali land for high cotton-yield and the sustainable development of agriculture,a pot-experiment was conducted with saline-alkali soil in Korla,southern Xinjiang,to analyze the effects of self-made natural-synthetic copolymer amendment on the germination rate,germination potential,germination index of cotton seed,the root and stem length,dry and fresh weight of cotton seedlings.The microstructure of saline-alkali soil under the action of soil amendment was also characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy.The results showed that the germination and early growth of cotton seeds were improved by self-made amendment 1#(mineral source potassium humate-polyacrylic acid graft salt alkali soil improver)in three different concentrations,A2 treatment(880 g soil amendent 1#+1000 mL distilled water)had the best effect,compared with CK treatment(1000 mL distilled water),the germination potential and germination rate increased by 63.2%and 50.0%,the fresh weight and dry weight of seedlings increased by 99.0%and 76.9%,respectively.The germination seed ratio and seedling biomass were improved by self-made amendment 2#(mineral source potassium humate-polyacrylic acid blended salt alkali soil improver)under low concentration,but were suppressed under medium and high concentration.The infrared spectrum of the soil with self-made amendment had little change,and the absorption peak of organic matter was slightly increased.Adding soil amendment could improve the dense and compact structure of the original soil,cause aggregation between soil particles and roughening of the soil surface,the A2 treatment soil with self-made amendment 1#had the largest agglomerated particles and the largest intergranular pores,the soil treated with self-made amendment 2#had also become loose,but there was little change between different concentrations.

外文关键词：

saline-alkali soilsoil microstructuresoil amendmentnatural-synthetic graft copolymercottonseed germination

作者：

刘小培、唐中杰、宋跃、李中贤、董学亮、王俊伟、靳瑞文、余学军

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作者单位：

河南省科学院高新技术研究中心,河南省精细化工重点实验室,河南郑州 450002

河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,河南郑州 450002

关键词：

盐碱化耕地土壤结构土壤改良剂天然-合成接枝共聚物棉花种子萌发生长

基金：

河南省科技攻关项目河南省科学院重大科技创新项目河南省科学院基本科研费项目河南省科学院基本科研费项目河南省科学院功能有机分子设计与绿色合成创新团队

项目编号：

222102110296220102002220602081220602088

出版年：

2024

DOI：

10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.23617

中国土壤与肥料

中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所中国植物营养与肥料学会

中国土壤与肥料

CSTPCD北大核心

影响因子：1.197

ISSN：1673-6257

年,卷(期)：2024.(8)