Analysis and thinking of the commercial organic fertilizer quality in China
The quality status of the commercial organic fertilizers in China were analyzed,and the development ideas and strategies of the organic fertilizer industry were explored for more references to strengthen industry quality supervision and promote industrial development.The sampling and testing results of main technical indices and limit indices of 595 commer-cial organic fertilizers from 2019 to 2022 were summarized and analyzed,and the quality status of commercial organic fertil-izers in China based on the Organic Fertilizers industry standard(NY/T 525)was evaluated.Based on the current situation of the organic fertilizer industry and with the comparation of the differences of domestic and international standards,the tech-nical indices such as organic matter,total nutrients,moisture,pH,as well as limit indices such as total arsenic(As),total mercury(Hg),total lead(Pb),total cadmium(Cd),total chromium(Cr),fecal coliform count,mortality of ascarid egg were analyzed and researched.The results showed that:(1)The overall qualification rate of commercial or-ganic fertilizers in China was 84.5%.From 2019 to 2022,the annual qualification rates were 79.8%,87.8%,83.3%and 85.4%,respectively.The main unqualified indices were the organic matter,heavy metals,pH,total nutrients and mois-ture.The unqualified rates were 7.9%,5.0%,2.9%,2.5%and 2.4%,respectively.It was common for multiple indices to fail to meet the standards simultaneously.(2)From an annual perspective,the unqualified rate of moisture in 2019 was 6.5%,followed by the organic matter,total nutrients,and pH.From 2020 to 2022,the unqualified rate of organic matter was higher than other indices,followed by heavy metal.(3)The variation range of the organic matter and total nutrients was relatively large.The average of organic matter was 39.1%,with a qualification rate of 92.1%and an annual qualification rate between 91.8%and 94.4%.The average of total nutrients was 8.0%,with a qualification rate of 97.5%and an annual quali-fication rate ranging from 94.4%to 99.3%.The qualified rates of moisture,pH and fecal coliform count were all above 97%,and no unqualified phenomena was found for the mortality of ascarid egg.(4)The exceeding standard rates of As,Hg,Pb,Cd,and Cr were 1.2%,0.8%,2.4%,1.3%and 0.3%,respectively.Pb and Cd were the main safety risk factors,and the average and median values of the five heavy metal element contents were far lower than the heavy metal limit requirements in Organic Fertilizer(NY/T 525).The qualification rate of commercial organic fertilizer in China was increasing steadily,but indices such as organic matter and heavy metals needed to be focused on and monitored continuously.The standard sys-tem of organic fertilizers was not perfect,and the product standards of organic fertilizer need to be optimized furtherly.The development of China's organic fertilizer industry needed to clarify its strategy and direction,build a sound standard system,optimize and adjust the setting of product standard indices,strengthen risk control and product quality supervision.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
