Research progress on methane pyrolysis process for hydrogen and carbon materials
Under the goals to reach carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,the clean and efficient utilization of fossil fuels has become a crucial aspect of the energy transition.Methane as one of the cleanest fossil energies,has been widely regarded as a key technology with good development prospects in energy transition for high-value and clean utilization.Methane pyrolysis for hydrogen process has the advantages of producing high-purity H2and carbon materials without directly generating CO2.Three typical methane pyrolysis for hydrogen processes:catalytic methane pyrolysis in fluidized beds,plasma methane pyrolysis,and molten medium methane pyrolysis were summarized and their principles,advantages,disadvantages and research progress were introduced.Among these processes,catalytic methane pyrolysis in fluidized beds requires the least energy but the catalysts are prone to carbon deposition,leading to unsustainable reactions and difficulty in separating carbon materials from catalysts,affecting downstream use.Plasma methane pyrolysis has a high conversion rate but requires a substantial energy input.Molten medium methane pyrolysis has lower energy consumption,and the carbon materials float on the surface of the molten medium,not hindering the continuous reaction and are easily separated and collected.However,the high temperature of the molten medium requires high requirements for the reactor materials,and the cost of purifying carbon materials also affects the economic viability of this process for industrialization.Combining renewable energy is the future trend towards achieving clean and efficient methane pyrolysis for hydrogen.Utilizing renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy to provide the energy required for methane pyrolysis processes,can reduce the reliance on traditional energy.From current research and development trends,molten medium methane pyrolysis process for hydrogen integrated with renewable energy sources is expected to become the key process for methane pyrolysis for hydrogen and carbon materials.
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