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喀斯特山地修复的生态学研究

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喀斯特山地矿产资源开发引起地表植被和土壤破坏,而植被破坏后不易恢复,对此采取自然生态修复是目前较合适的修复策略.研究种子生态学对生态修复,尤其是喀斯特森林的自然生态修复有重要意义.设计了种子雨强度实验和枯落物覆盖受损土地的实验.在种子雨强度实验中,样地间(P=0.001 7)和不同年份的种子雨强度(P<0.0001)有显著性差异.种子萌发实验中,种子自然萌发率低,低发芽率均导致低密度的种群依靠种子的实生更新能力低.枯落物实验中,枯落物生物量的变化与其持水率变化一致,利用枯落物覆盖受损土地,有利于提高生态修复中污染土壤的保水性能.在花溪进行的土壤修复实验中,使用周边未受损森林采集的土壤来修复样地,1年后覆盖4 cm厚度土壤的样方的盖度接近实验结果的最大值,这对于土壤分布零星、土层稀薄的喀斯特山地修复来说有重要的意义.喀斯特山地的修复策略包括利用未受损森林的土壤种子库、森林枯落物来对受损地进行覆盖,增加其自然更新的潜力.在此研究的基础上,可以开展更多的种子库和枯落物的生态学研究,掌握更多的生态恢复规律,为更好地开展喀斯特山地的生态修复提供多样化的方案.
Ecological Study on the Restoration of Karst Mountain Region
Exploiting mineral resources in Karst mountain area has destroyed to surface vegetation and soil, and it is not easy to recovery after vegetation destruction.Natural ecological restoration is a more appropriate method to repair it at present.The study of seed Ecology plays a significant role in Ecological restoration, especially the natural ecological restoration of Karst forest is important.In the experiment of seed rain intensity, there was a significant difference between the seed rain intensity (P=0.001 7) and the seed rain intensity in different years (P<0.000 1), In the experiment of seed germination, the germination rate of seeds was low,and the low germination rate all resulted in low density of population.In litter experiment, the change of biomass of litter was consistent with the change of water holding rate, and the litter cover was used to cover the damaged soil, which improved the poor water retention in the ecological restoration process of contaminated soil.In the soil restoration experiment carried out in Huaxi, the coverage of the plot covering with 4 cm of soil was close to the maximum experimental value, which was collected in the surrounding undamaged forest, the result has important significance for the restoration of the karst mountain region where soil distribution is sporadic.The restoration strategies for the Karst region include the use of Soil Seed Bank of an intact forest and the forest litter to cover the damaged land to increase the potential of its natural regeneration.In this study, we can carry out more ecological studies of seed bank and litter, learn more about the ecological restoration law, and provide a variety of solutions to the ecological restoration of Karst Mountain.

ecological studykarst mountain regionrestoration

龙健、王智慧

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贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550001

生态学研究 喀斯特山地 生态修复

贵州省科技厅社会发展项目贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目贵州省教育厅自然科学研究项目

黔科合SY字[2012]3169号黔教科[2011]028号黔教科[2010]020号

2015

生态环境学报
广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 广东省土壤学会

生态环境学报

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.608
ISSN:1674-5906
年,卷(期):2015.24(12)
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