Landscape Pattern Evolution and Driving Forces Analysis of the Fengxi Provincial Nature Reserve in Guangdong Province
Exploring changes in landscape patterns and their driving forces is an important foundation for landscape pattern optimization,ecological protection,and construction management in nature reserves.Based on the remote sensing image data of Fengxi Provincial Nature Reserve in Guangdong Province in 2010,2015,and 2020,the evolution patterns and driving forces of landscape patterns were explored through the analysis of dynamic degree,transfer matrix,landscape pattern index,etc.,by using ArcGIS,ENVI,and FRAGSTATS.The results showed that 1)forest was the main type of land use in the nature reserve,accounting for approximately 61.9%of the total area.From 2010 to 2020,the forest and water areas continuously decreased,while the cultivated and construction land continuously increased.The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use decreased from 1.87%to 1.75%,showing an overall decreasing trend.The landscape pattern changes tended to be stable.The maximum amount of land transferred out from the reserve was forestland,with an area of 2.03×103 hm2,while the maximum amount of land transferred into the reserve was grassland,with an area of 1.28×103 hm2.The area of cultivated land transferred in was about 3.3 times that transferred out,with an overall increase of about 800 hm2.2)Forest was the main landscape of reserve,with the largest patch dominance and the smallest fragmentation,and good landscape connectivity.From 2010 to 2020,the fragmentation of arable land,construction land,and water bodies decreased,but connectivity increased;grass has the highest fragmentation and reduced connectivity.In 2020,the landscape fragmentation index FN increased to 0.54,when the degree of landscape fragmentation in the entire protected area was the highest;the Shannon diversity index(SHDI)increased from 0.75 to 1.06,and the Shannon evenness index(SHEI)increased from 0.47 to 0.66,indicating that the connectivity of the dominant landscape decreased,the area gap between different landscape types decreased,and the heterogeneity of the nature reserve's landscape increased.3)According to principal component analysis,the population in the reserve has the highest loading value of 0.997 on the first principal component,followed by the total economic income of the protected area,tourist volume,per capita annual income of residents,distribution of residential areas,annual average temperature,grapefruit cultivation,and quarries.The changes in the landscape pattern of the nature reserve were mainly influenced by socio-economic factors.Among them,the population of the nature reserve,the total income of the nature reserve,and the number of tourists were the main driving forces of the landscape pattern of the nature reserve.
nature reserveslandscape patternlandscape indextransfer matrixdriving force
万方数据
维普
