Study on the Change Pattern of Ecosystem Service Functions in the Water-level-Fluctuation Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir
The water-level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir refers to the alternating submersion and exposure of land areas between the maximum dam-front water level of 175 m and the flood control level of 145 m,resulting from reservoir regulation.Despite nearly 20 years of reservoir operation,the ecosystem services of the water level fluctuation zone have not been comprehensively quantified,posing challenges for their management,conservation,and utilization.Through extensive high-density field surveys and sampling conducted four times from 2021 to 2022,over 2000 first-hand data samples were collected.These data were used to systematically quantify the ecosystem services of the water-level fluctuation zone in terms of support,provisioning,regulation,and cultural functions.The key findings are as follows:1)the spatial distribution of the regulating function of the water-level fluctuation zone was relatively uniform,with average scores across districts fluctuating around 0.67.2)The cultural function score exhibited a steady increase from the reservoir head to the tail,rising from 0.60 0.73.3)From the reservoir head to the tail,the supporting function scores were 0.34,0.41,and 0.27,respectively;provisioning function scores were 0.32,0.52,and 0.36;regulating function scores were 0.55,0.72,and 0.67;and the ecosystem service index scores were 0.49,0.62,and 0.56,respectively,showing an initial increase followed by a decrease.4)Spatially,ecosystem services in the water-level fluctuation zone displayed a clustered distribution pattern.Further analysis explored the potential causes of this spatial distribution,and proposed targeted strategies for ecological protection and management.
Three Gorges Reservoirecosystem of the water-level-fluctuation zoneservice functionspatial distribution
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