澳门大学图书馆新近入藏一册1491年出版的欧几里得《几何原本》拉丁文第二版,意大利维琴察市Leonardus de Basilea and Gulielmusde Papia出版,全书共15卷,136叶(即272页,不含空白页).欧几里得所编纂原书仅13卷,最后两卷为后人增写.《几何原本》被称作是"最古老的数学教科书",是数学史上通过公理建立逻辑演绎体系的第一部著作,流传广泛,对后世影响深远.《几何原本》中译本分两次在明万历年间、清咸丰年间译成.首次中译是意大利传教士利玛窦与徐光启于1606-1607年间合译了前面6卷,第二次是英国伦敦会传教士伟烈亚力(Alexander Wylie)与李善兰于1857年合译出版后9卷.澳门大学新入藏的1491年拉丁文版《几何原本》是澳门地区所藏首份西文古籍摇篮本,文章将对澳门大学藏本的相关版本源流及特色进行探析.
Exploring the Rare 1491 Edition of Euclid's Elements in the University of Macau Library
The University of Macau Library has recently acquired a rare 1491 Latin second edition of Euclid's Elements,published in Vicenza,Italy,by Leonardus de Basilea and Gulielmus de Papia.This edition comprises 15 volumes and 136 leaves(272 pages,excluding blank pages).Euclid's original compilation consisted of only 13 volumes,with the final two added by later scholars.Often regarded as"the oldest mathematics textbook,"Elements was the first work in mathematical history to establish a logical deductive system based on axioms.It has been widely disseminated and holds a historical influence.The Chinese translation of Elements occurred in two stages:the first six volumes were co-translated by Italian missionary Matteo Ricci and Xu Guangqi between 1606 and 1607,while the remaining nine volumes were translated and published in 1857 by British missionary Alexander Wylie and Li Shanlan under the London Missionary Society.The 1491 Latin edition recently acquired by the University of Macau Library is the first known incunabulum of its kind housed in Macau.This paper explores the origins and distinctive features of this rare edition.
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