乳腺癌作为全球女性健康的重大挑战,其研究的重要性和紧迫性日益凸显.干扰素调节因子3(interferon regulatory factor 3,IRF3)属于人类干扰素调节因子(interferon regulatory factors,IRFs)家族的一员,是一个关键的转录因子.IRF3在天然免疫应答的信号传递过程中起着重要的调节作用.近年来研究揭示了IRF3在肿瘤免疫学领域的关键作用,特别是在乳腺癌中.IRF3不仅调节乳腺癌细胞的生长和凋亡,而且通过诱导Ⅰ型干扰素(type I interferons,IFN-Ⅰ)及其他重要细胞因子的产生,对肿瘤细胞的行为产生影响.然而,在乳腺癌中,IRF3的激活受到多种机制的抑制,这包括阻断IRF3依赖的细胞凋亡途径和通过调节微RNA表达来抑制干扰素基因刺激因子(stimulator of interferon genes,STING)等.在特定情况下,IRF3还可能促进乳腺癌发生及复发.本综述全面探讨了IRF3的基本特征、参与的信号通路、在乳腺癌发展中的作用及当前研究的最新进展,并总结了基于IRF3作用机制的潜在治疗方法.
Advances in research on IRF3 in breast cancer
As a significant challenge to women's health globally,the research of breast cancer has shown increasingly prominence and urgency.Interferon regulatory factor 3(IRF3),a member of the human interferon regulatory factor(IRF)family,serves as a crucial transcription factor.IRF3 plays a significant role in regulating the signal transduction process of the innate immune response.Recent research advancements have discovered IRF3's pivotal role in the field of tumor immunology,particularly its significant impact on breast cancer.IRF3 regulates the growth and apoptosis of breast cancer cells and influences tumor cell behavior by inducing the production of type I interferons(IFN-I)and other critical cytokines.However,in breast cancer,the activation of IRF3 is suppressed by various mechanisms,including the obstruction of IRF3-dependent apoptosis pathways and the inhibition of stimulator of interferon genes(STING)expression through the modulation of microRNA expression.Under certain circumstances,IRF3 may also promote the occurrence and recurrence of breast cancer.This review comprehensively explores the fundamental characteristics of IRF3,its signaling pathways,roles in developing breast cancer,the latest research progress,and summarizes potential therapeutic strategies based on the mechanism of action of IRF3.
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