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全球化已死?——反思全球化的关键问题

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近年来,随着科技的不断进步、经济结构的深刻调整以及国际政治格局的变迁,全球化正在步入一个崭新的阶段.与此同时,全球化也面临着严峻挑战,气候变化、资源短缺等全球性问题日益严重,经济的不稳定性愈发凸显,贸易保护主义显著抬头,地缘政治冲突不断加剧.这些挑战不仅影响了全球化的可持续发展,也促使各国对全球化进行深刻的反思和调整.在此背景下,为了使全球化保持稳定和持续发展,实现更加包容和公平的全球化,韧性全球化建设成为应对各种挑战和风险的必要策略.为此,2023年12月10日至11日,北京师范大学全球化与文化发展战略研究院举办了"全球化新阶段与文明新形态"学术研讨会,就"全球化新阶段与韧性的全球化"这一主题,从哲学、经济学、政治学等不同学科视角进行了深入探讨,《探索与争鸣》约请部分专家撰文,期冀对推动韧性全球化建设起到理论助益.薛晓源教授通过桥梁、水晶宫等具象的隐喻,指出当下全球化正面临转型,新的风险和复杂性不断涌现,要通过释放全球化的善意、增加价值链的韧性、构建风险与安全的共同体,以应对全球化所遭遇的风险.刘雪莲教授认为,去全球化和逆全球化都不代表着全球化趋势的消失,全球化呈现出韧性特征,不同主体都尝试在"再全球化"的进程中追求不确定形势下的适应性,并积极调整自己的政策.肖恩·布雷斯林教授指出,全球化带来了安全问题,尤其是生产全球化使各国对关键商品和资源的供应中断变得格外敏感.全球化带来的不安全性需要各国共同努力,通过制定策略、加强风险评估以及促进多元化供应等方式,来确保全球经济的稳定和可持续发展.庞中英教授从"创造性破坏"视角理解全球化,认为全球化正经历着由"创造性破坏"推动的深刻变革,这一过程不仅重塑了世界经济格局,而且挑战了全球化的传统模式."创造性破坏"理论揭示了全球化不断进行内部革新、破坏旧结构、创造新结构的本质.贾克防研究员指出,以拥抱变化为核心的韧性思维、韧性策略,已成为人们构想未来世界的新方式.韧性思维可以帮助我们更好地应对全球化带来的系统性风险,为构建更加稳定和可持续的世界秩序提供指导.刘兴华副教授指出,全球化并未进入停滞期,而是借助数字全球化驶入了快速演进的新轨道.数字技术不仅为全球化提供了广阔的拓展空间,还为其带来了韧性重塑的契机.在数字全球化的时代背景下,我们应积极应对挑战,抓住机遇,推动全球化的韧性重塑,助力全球化朝着更加包容、合作、共赢的方向发展.
In recent years,with the continuous progress of science and technology,profound adjustment of economic structure,and changes in the international political landscape,globalization is entering a new stage.At the same time,globalization is also facing severe challenges,with global issues such as climate change and resource scarcity becoming increasingly severe,economic instability becoming more prominent,trade protectionism significantly rising,as well as geopolitical conflicts intensifying.These challenges not only affect the sustainable development of globalization,but also prompt countries to deeply reflect and adjust to globalization.On December 10-11,2023,the Institute of Globalization and Cultural Development Strategy at Beijing Normal University held an academic seminar on"New Stage of Globalization and New Forms of Civilization",which conducted in-depth discussions on the issue of"New Stage of Globalization and Resilient Globalization"from the perspectives of philosophy,economics,political science,and other disciplines.Professor Xue Xiaoyuan points out through concrete metaphors such as bridges and crystal palaces that current globalization is facing transformation,with new risks and complexities constantly emerging.It is necessary to address the risks encountered by globalization by unleashing its goodwill,increasing the resilience of the value chain,and building a community of risk and security.Professor Liu Xuelian believes that globalization exhibits resilient characteristics,and different entities are pursuing adaptability in uncertain situations and actively adjusting their policies in the process of"re-globalization".Professor Sean Breslin pointed out that the insecurity brought about by globalization requires joint efforts from countries to ensure the stability and sustainable development of the global economy through strategies,strengthened risk assessment,and promoting diversified supply.Professor Pang Zhongying believes that globalization is undergoing profound changes driven by"creative destruction",not only reshaping the world economic landscape,but also challenging the traditional patterns of globalization.Researcher Jia Kefang pointed out that resilient thinking and strategies centered around embracing change have become a new way for people to envision the future world.Associate professor Liu Xinghua pointed out that globalization has entered a new track of rapid evolution through digital globalization.Digital technology not only provides vast expansion space for globalization,but also brings opportunities for resilience reshaping.

肖恩·布雷斯林、徐信高

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英国华威大学

南开大学周恩来政府管理学院

国家社会科学基金

21BGJ024

2024

探索与争鸣
上海市社会科学界联合会

探索与争鸣

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.72
ISSN:1004-2229
年,卷(期):2024.(4)
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